英汉委婉语翻译的对比研究

论文摘要

委婉语是在交际中常用的文化负载厚重的一种修辞格,它以独特的角度反映和折射出一个民族的历史演进,及其政治、经济、文化、思想意识等领域的变迁。随着跨文化交际的日益频繁,委婉语的互译势必越来越重要。当前在理论研究上,许多中国学者对委婉语开展了大量研究并做出了巨大贡献,然而针对英汉委婉语翻译进行的综合、系统的对比研究却甚少。有鉴于此,本文以英、汉委婉语翻译为主要研究对象,结合严复、奈达的翻译理论,并列举大量真实可靠的翻译实例来对比研究两种语言中委婉语的翻译。本文共分六章。第一章:概述英汉委婉语的定义、分类、特征、功能,以及与文化的密切关联。第二章:介绍国内外英汉委婉语研究的历史和现状,严复、奈达的翻译理论,以及格雷氏“坏”词赶走“好”词原则,新词代替旧词的原则。第三章:对比分析英汉委婉语翻译的相同点和不同点,以及目前委婉语翻译中常遇到的问题。第四章:阐述英汉委婉语翻译适用的原则。第五章:阐述英汉委婉语翻译适用的策略。第六章:阐述英汉委婉语翻译对比研究的深远意义。通过以上六章的探讨,本文从理论上,把翻译理论应用到委婉语翻译中,分析委婉语翻译受社会、文化等因素制约、影响,从而提出适用于委婉语翻译的原则和策略;实践上,通过对英汉委婉语翻译的对比研究,有助于提高这一领域翻译作品的质量、促进外语教学、并进一步推动跨文化交际,减少交际障碍,使委婉语真正成为语言中的“润滑剂”。本文作者希冀能对今后的英汉委婉语翻译和研究提供一些思路和方法。

论文目录

• 英文摘要
• 摘要
• Introduction
• Chapter One A General Survey of Euphemism
• 1.1 Definition of euphemism
• 1.2 Classification of euphemism
• 1.2.1 Verbal euphemism and non-verbal euphemism
• 1.2.2 Positive euphemism and negative euphemism
• 1.2.3 Other classification of euphemism
• 1.3 Features of euphemism
• 1.3.1 Indirectness
• 1.3.2 Vagueness
• 1.3.3 Pleasantness
• 1.4 Functions of euphemism
• 1.4.1 To avoid taboo
• 1.4.2 To soften the mood
• 1.4.3 To actualize humorous effect
• 1.5 Euphemism and culture
• Chapter Two Relevant Theories
• 2.1 Literature review of English and Chinese euphemism
• 2.1.1 A brief history of English and Chinese euphemism
• 2.1.1.1 A brief history of English euphemism
• 2.1.1.2 A brief history of Chinese euphemism
• 2.1.2 Researches abroad
• 2.1.3 Researches in China
• 2.1.3.1 Studies on English euphemism
• 2.1.3.2 Studies on Chinese euphemism
• 2.2 Literature review of Yan Fu's and Nida's translation theories
• 2.2.1 On Yan Fu's "trinity principle of translation"
• 2.2.2 On Nida's "functional equivalent principle"
• 2.3 Principles governing the development of euphemism
• 2.3.1 The Gresham's Law
• 2.3.2 Law of succession
• Chapter Three Comparison Analysis of English and Chinese Euphemism Translation and Inadequacies in English and Chinese Euphemism Translation
• 3.1 Similarities
• 3.2 Differences
• 3.2.1 About "religion"
• 3.2.2 About "old age"
• 3.2.3 About "poverty and wealthy"
• 3.2.4 About "marriage and pregnancy"
• 3.2.5 About "humble professions and unemployment"
• 3.2.6 Special euphemisms in English
• 3.2.6.1 About "drink"
• 3.2.6.2 About "smallness"
• 3.2.6.3 About "names of God and Devil"
• 3.2.6.4 About "sweat"
• 3.2.7 Special euphemisms about "sex" in Chinese
• 3.3 The inadequacies in translating euphemism
• 3.3.1 Mistranslation
• 3.3.2 Loss of original rhetorical flavor
• 3.3.3 Lack of equivalents
• Chapter Four Principles in Euphemism Translation
• 4.1 Preservation of euphemistic meaning
• 4.2 Selectivity of being euphemistic
• 4.3 Adoption of existing euphemisms
• 4.3.1 Adoption of existing euphemisms in E-C translation
• 4.3.2 Adoption of existing euphemisms in C-E translation
• 4.4 Maintaining equivalence in euphemism translation
• 4.4.1 About "death"
• 4.4.2 About "excretion"
• 4.4.3 About "pregnancy"
• 4.5 Substitution the old euphemisms by new ones
• Chapter Five Strategies in Euphemism Translation
• 5.1 Literal translation
• 5.2 Free translation
• 5.3 Application of existing euphemisms
• 5.4 Addition
• 5.5 Omission
• 5.6 Transformation
• 5.7 Special ways for special euphemism
• Chapter Six Discussion and Implication
• 6.1 Discussion
• 6.2 Implication
• 6.2.1 To promote the quality of euphemism translation
• 6.2.2 To improve cross-culture communication
• 6.2.3 To improve foreign language teaching and learning
• Conclusion
• Work Cited
• Acknowledgements