论文摘要
精神分裂症是一种以基本个性改变,思维、情感和行为的分裂、精神活动与环境不协调为主要特征的精神疾患,属于人类多基因遗传复杂疾病。人类基因组计划及Hapmap计划的完成为精神分裂症易感基因的筛查和定位研究提供了强有力的工具,但是由于其多基因遗传的复杂性质,使其致病机制仍未阐明。确定精神分裂症的病因,在基因水平上预防和治疗疾病仍是当前医学研究中的重大课题。本研究以296个中国汉族精神分裂症患者及其健康父母双亲组成的核心家系以及350例无血缘关系的精神分裂症患者和351例健康者为研究对象,利用生物信息学方法和分子遗传学技术检测FAAH、PPARD、CLDN5、IL3、IL3R、IL6及IL10候选基因上的SNPs,筛检与精神分裂症相关联的基因位点。在7个候选基因上选择10个SNPs遗传标记,利用PCR-RFLP方法确定个体基因型。应用基于家系的连锁不平衡分析方法(TDT及HHRR)和基于群体的case-control相关分析方法以及多功能遗传统计学软件(SPSS11.5和UNPHASED2.404)分析数据。结果显示:核心家系样本研究证实,PPARD基因的SNP3、IL3R基因的SNP7、IL3基因的SNP5与精神分裂症相关联。病例-对照研究证实,IL3基因的SNP5、IL6基因的SNP9、IL10基因的SNP10与精神分裂症相关联。IL3基因的SNP5位点基因型及等位基因均与男性精神分裂症发病密切相关,表明精神分裂症在男女之间存在着遗传异质性。数量性状分析发现,IL3基因的SNP5、IL3R基因的SNP7及IL6基因的SNP9分别与精神分裂症的阳性症状和阴性症状相关联。此项研究工作是功能基因组学研究的前沿课题。实验结果将有助于阐明精神分裂症的分子遗传学机制,为在基因水平上建立诊断方法,开发新型药物奠定重要的实验基础。
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