中国中等水平英语学习者词汇附带习得研究

中国中等水平英语学习者词汇附带习得研究

论文摘要

近年来,在二语词汇习得领域,词汇的附带习得引起了广大研究者越来越多的兴趣。在所有相关研究中,从阅读过程中附带习得词汇的理论尤其引人注目。众多国内外的研究者对促进阅读中词汇附带习得的各种因素进行了探讨。然而,针对不同阅读条件(如提供页边注释,提供字典等)对词汇附带习得影响的研究还不全面,另外,词汇量大小与词汇附带习得的关系也是有待进一步探寻的。通过部分地重复Hulstijn等人(1996)的实验并在此基础上加以改进,本研究力图探索对于中等英语水平的非英语专业学习者来说,不同的阅读条件(提供页边注释,提供字典,不提供任何帮助)和不同的词汇量大小对他们的词汇附带习得与词汇记忆的持续性会有怎样的影响。本实验抽取了某高校的97名大三的非英语专业学生作为实验对象。受试者分别来自于三个平行班,而且实验之前他们在人数上和词汇量上都是平衡的。受试者被随机分配到三种阅读条件下:第一种提供词义的页边注释(页边注释组);第二种提供字典(字典组);第三种不提供词义注释和字典(控制组)。词汇的附带习得是通过一项实验,两项词汇测试(即时测试和延时测试)和一项词汇量测试完成的。受试者的词汇量大小是根据《大学英语课程教学要求(试行)》的大学英语参考词表测定的。通过让受试者完成一项以理解大意为主要内容的阅读任务并完成两项测试,来检测他们对目标词的习得与词汇记忆的持续性。实验数据通过SPSS11.5统计软件进行定量分析。本研究的主要发现有:(1)在三种不同的阅读条件下,提供页边注释比其他两种阅读条件更能促进单词的附带习得,但是字典组中那些在阅读过程中被查过的单词,习得效果甚至好于提供页边注释的单词。(2)对于词汇记忆的持续性,研究发现控制组与字典组遗忘的单词少于页边注释组,也就是说,通过上下文猜测和通过查字典而获得的词义在记忆中保持的更加长久。(3)学习者的词汇量的大小对词汇附带习得有显著影响,词汇量越大,习得的单词越多,单词记忆的持续性也越长久。本研究在理论和实践上对英语教学提供了一些启示。在阅读中,教师应该传授给学生从上下文中猜测词义的策略与技巧,培养学生养成良好的阅读习惯,另外,教师还要指导学生,特别是那些词汇量比较小的学生,将附带学习与刻意学习结合起来,以求获得更高的词汇习得效率。

论文目录

  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  • ABSTRACT
  • 摘要
  • CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1 Research rationale
  • 1.2 Research questions
  • 1.3 Organization of the thesis
  • CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
  • 2.1 Vocabulary knowledge and learning
  • 2.2 Incidental vocabulary learning
  • 2.2.1 Incidental and intentional learning
  • 2.2.2 Direct and indirect learning
  • 2.2.3 Implicit and explicit learning
  • 2.3 Incidental vocabulary learning through reading
  • 2.3.1 Conditions for successful IVL
  • 2.3.1.1 Threshold for successful IVL
  • 2.3.1.2 Comprehensible input and pregnant contexts
  • 2.3.2 Empirical evidence of IVL research in L1 and L2
  • 2.3.3 Research on effects of marginal gloss, dictionary use and vocabulary size on IVL
  • CHAPTER 3 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS
  • 3.1 Information Processing Model
  • 3.2 Noticing theory
  • 3.3 Depth-of-Processing Hypothesis and Involvement Load Hypothesis
  • CHAPTER 4 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
  • 4.1 Research design
  • 4.2 Subjects
  • 4.3 Instrumentation
  • 4.3.1 Reading text
  • 4.3.2 Target words
  • 4.3.3 Two tests
  • 4.3.4 A test of vocabulary size
  • 4.4 Procedures
  • 4.5 Scoring
  • 4.6 Data analysis
  • CHAPTER 5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
  • 5.1 Results
  • 5.1.1 The impact of reading situations on IVL
  • 5.1.1.1 The results of the immediate test
  • 5.1.1.2 The results of the delayed test
  • 5.1.1.3 Comparison of the two tests
  • 5.1.2 The impact of vocabulary size on IVL
  • 5.2 Discussions
  • 5.2.1 The impact of reading situations on IVL
  • 5.2.1.1 The IVL gain difference among the three groups
  • 5.2.1.2 The IVL gain difference between words looked up and words glossed in the margin
  • 5.2.1.3 The retention rate difference among the three groups
  • 5.2.2 The impact of vocabulary size on IVL
  • CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
  • 6.1 Summary of the findings
  • 6.2 Pedagogical Implications
  • 6.3 Limitations and recommendations for future study
  • BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • Appendix I Reading passage for the MG group
  • Appendix II Reading passage for the D group and the C group
  • Appendix III Immediate vocabulary test for the MG group and the C group
  • Appendix IV Immediate Vocabulary Test for the D group
  • APPENDIX V Delayed Vocabulary Test
  • Appendix VI Vocabulary Size Test
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    中国中等水平英语学习者词汇附带习得研究
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