从目的论角度看《红楼梦》中文化负载词的翻译

论文摘要

德国功能主义翻译理论学派中的目的论(skopos theory)认为翻译是一种基于源语文本的有目的的行为活动,决定翻译过程的最高准则是整个翻译行为的目的。这一理论使一直被用来衡量译文质量标准的“对等”被另一个评估标准“充分”所取代,从而为翻译研究开启了一个全新的视角。本文以目的论原理为理论框架,分析《红楼梦》这一中国古典文学名著的两个英译本(杨宪益与戴乃迭的译本和大卫.霍克斯的译本)中文化负载词的翻译。本文运用目的论主要从五个方面即:生态文化,物质文化,社会文化,宗教文化,语言文化对《红楼梦》中文化负载词进行深入分析,说明目的论是如何影响译者翻译策略的选择,所选择的策略又如何影响了译文效果。通过对《红楼梦》两个译本的比较分析,作者发现两位译者在文化负载词的处理上采取了完全不同的翻译策略。主要表现在,杨氏的《红楼梦》译本偏向于文献式翻译,它以源语文本为中心,注重语际连贯。而霍克斯译本《石头记》则偏向于工具式翻译,它以译语文本为中心,注重语内连贯。研究进而发现,两个译本的不同特色,各自译本所达到的功能与其预期的目的是一致的。两个译本风格迥然不同。就中国文化而言,杨的译文更忠实;而从西方读者的角度看,霍克斯的译文更易理解和接受。引用学者周钰良的评价就是“风格迥异,然各得其所”。因此作者得出的结论是:译文是否成功,翻译策略的选择是否恰当,关键是看他是否达到了自己的翻译目的。

论文目录

• 摘要
• ABSTRACT
• CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
• 1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND
• 1.2 THE RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND OBJECTIVES
• 1.3 THE STRUCTURE OF THIS THESIS
• CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW
• 2.1 A BRIEF REVIEW ABOUT THE EQUIVALENCE-BASED TRANSLATION APPROACH
• 2.2 A BRIEF REVIEW ABOUT THE THEORY OF ACTION
• 2.2.1 Translating as Intentional Interaction
• 2.2.2 Translating as Interpersonal Interaction
• 2.2.3 Translating as an Intercultural Action
• 2.2.4 Translating as a Text-processing Action
• 2.3 A SKETCHY VIEW ON SKOPOS THEORY
• 2.3.1 Translation Brief
• 2.3.2 The Three Rules of Skopos Theory and Their Relationship
• 2.3.3 Nord's Revision of Skopos Theory
• 2.3.3.1 Documental Translation and Instrumental Translation
• 2.3.3.2 Function plus Loyalty Approach
• 2.3.4 Merits of Skopos Theory
• 2.3.4.1 A New Definition of Translation
• 2.3.4.2 Change of the Status of the ST and TT
• 2.3.4.3 Flexibility in Choosing Translation Strategies
• 2.3.4.4 Enlightenment to Translation Criticism
• CHAPTER THREE A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE TRANSLATION OF CULTURE-LOADED WORDS IN HONGLOUMENG
• 3.1 AN INTRODUCTION TO THE SOURCE TEXT
• 3.2 AN INTRODUCTION TO THE TWO ENGLISH VERSIONS
• 3.3 THE SKOPOS THEORY IN THE TRANSLATION PROCESS OF HONGLOUMENG
• 3.3.1 The Agents Involved in the Translational Process
• 3.3.2 The Translation Briefs and Skopos
• 3.3.3 The Strategies Taken by the Two Translators
• 3.4 SKOPOS THEORY IN THE TRANSLATION OF CULTURE-LOADED WORDS IN HONGLOUMENG
• 3.4.1 On Culture
• 3.4.1.1 The Popular Definition of Culture
• 3.4.1.2 The Categorization of Culture
• 3.4.1.3 Culture-loaded words
• 3.4.2 Translation of Ecological Culture-loaded Words
• 3.4.3 Translation of Material Culture-loaded words
• 3.4.4 Translation of Social Culture-loaded words
• 3.4.5 Translation of Religious Culture-loaded words
• 3.4.6 Translation of Linguistic Culture-loaded words
• CHAPTER FOUR EVALUATION OF THE TWO ENGLISH VERSIONS OF HONGLOUMENG IN LIGHT OF SKOPOS THEORY
• 4.1 GENERAL STANDARD OF EVALUATION
• 4.2 THE COHERENCE RULE AND THE FIDELITY RULE
• 4.3 THE LOYALTY PRINCIPLE
• 4.4 CRITICISM FROM DIFFERENT PURPOSES
• CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION
• BIBLIOGRAPHY
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENT