认知语法配价关系探索

论文摘要

本文系统介绍了以泰尼耶尔(Lucien Tesniere)、赫尔比希(Gerhard Helbig)、韩礼德(M.A.K.Halliday)、菲尔墨(C.Fillmore)等语言学者们的传统语法配价理论研究成果,分析了国内外配价理论研究的现状及发展轨迹。由于各语言学者们在传统配价理论中对“价”的判定方式纷繁复杂,缺乏统一的“价”的衡量标准,形成了一种“依句辩价”的趋势。因此,传统语法配价理论在一定程度上,使句子结构的分析具有一定的局限性。本文重点引介和研判了兰盖克(R.W.Langacker)为代表的认知语法配价理论(Valence Relations of Cognitive Grammar)。主要从四个方面论证了认知语法配价理论的理论价值和实际运用价值,即:复合结构的构成基于两个以上成分结构之间的对应关系、关系侧面与名词性侧面之间的侧重问题、自主成分和依存成分之间不同的联结方式、认知语法配价理论对英语简单句与复合句的实例分析。研究表明,认知语法配价理论源于传统配价理论的研究成果,但更是其理论的延伸和发展,已成为当今配价语法研究的趋势。通过分析和研判,笔者以为,认知语法配价理论与传统配价理论虽然都是反映语言结构中不同成分间的联系,分析句子结构的模型,但两者间在支配主体、动词配价、补足语与说明语的判定、句子结构分析方式等方面有明显差异。认知语法配价理论之所以成为语言学者们研究的热点,其核心价值主要体现在对传统配价“动词中心论”定式的破解。传统配价理论认为只有动词具备配价能力,通过对动词“价”的分析,对句子的结构类型予以分类研究。认知语法配价理论则认为不仅动词具有配价能力,且所有的成分结构都具有配价能力,通过对成分结构间的配价关系进行分析,对句子结构的生成或语义关系建构的动因和机制做出合理的解释。认知语法配价主张用象征单位来解释语法,扩大了配价成分的范畴,明确了“价”的衡量标准,在阐释语言的本质方面有着明显的优势。大量实例运用中分析表明,认知语法配价理论较之于传统配价理论,能更有效地帮助人们准确地把握语句的生成以及语义的建构,将语法构式抽象为概念图式,以人们头脑中对现实生活中形成的概念图式来形象地理解句子结构和语义,理解人们的语言行为,更有益于英语语法的学习。

论文目录

• 摘要
• ABSTRACT
• Introduction
• Chapter 1 Current Study of Valence
• 1.1 Current Research Abroad
• 1.1.1 Research into Valence Theory of the Traditional Grammar Abroad
• 1.1.2 Research into the Cognitive Grammar Valence Abroad
• 1.2 Current Study at Home
• 1.2.1 Study of the Tradition Valence Grammar at Home
• 1.2.2 Study of the Cognitive Valence Theory at Home
• Chapter 2 Elaboration of Valence Theory of Traditional Gramma
• 2.1 Study of Valence Theory at the Early Stage
• 2.1.1 Study of Valence before Lucien Tesniere
• 2.1.2 Lucien Tesniere’s View of Valence
• 2.2 Study of the Modern Valence Theory
• 2.2.1 Gerhard Helbig’s View of Valence
• 2.2.2 ágel’s View of Valence
• 2.3 Study of Contemporary Valence Theory
• 2.3.1 Halliday’s View of Valence
• 2.3.2 Fillmore’s View of Valence
• Chapter 3 Interpretation of Cognitive Grammar Valence
• 3.1 Four Valence Factors in Cognitive Grammar
• 3.1.1 Correspondence
• 3.1.2 Profile Determinacy
• 3.1.3 Conceptual Autonomy and Conceptual Dependence
• 3.1.4 Relation of Constituency
• 3.2 Comparison of the Cognitive Grammar Valence between the Traditional Grammar Valence
• 3.2.1 Difference in the Governing Subject
• 3.2.2 Difference in Valence of the Verb
• 3.2.3 Difference in Judgment of Complement and Declarative Statement
• 3.2.4 Difference in Analysis Way of the Sentence Structure
• Chapter 4 Application and Language Acquisition of the Valence Theory of Cognitive Gramma
• 4.1 Sentence Analysis Based on Valence Theory of Cognitive Grammar
• 4.1.1 Analytical Modes of the Cognitive Grammatical Valence Relations in Simple Sentence
• 4.1.2 Analytical Modes of Cognitive Grammatical Valence Relations in Composite Sentence
• 4.2 Application of Cognitive Grammatical Valence Relations in Practice
• 4.2.1 Teaching Cognitive Grammatical Valence Relations in English syntax
• 4.2.2 Cognitive Grammatical Valence Relations in English Vlcabulary Learning
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgments
• Appendix
• 详细摘要