非意愿性论元双及物构式之构式语法研究

非意愿性论元双及物构式之构式语法研究

论文摘要

双及物结构是人类语言中一种经常使用但又非常重要的语言结构,历来是国内外语言学家的研究热点。纵观前辈们的研究方法,大致可以分为三类:结构主义,转换生成语法和认知语言学。前辈们用上述方法进行研究,取得了令人可喜的成绩,但是也有些问题和不足之处。比如大多数研究者都对双及物结构的典型意义“施事将受事成功的转移给接受者”进行了详尽的研究,但是对于主语是非意志性论元的双及物结构研究的不多,针对此,本文试图用Goldberg的构式语法理论,对“主语为非意志性论元”的双及物结构进行探索式的研究,试图对这一种独特的语言现象提供更合理的解释。本文研究的双及物结构包括双宾结构和与格结构,并根据构式语法对构式的定义,认为双及物结构的语法结构为NP+V+NP1+NP2,和NP+V+NPI+P+NP2(P为介词),他们的典型意义为“施事将受事成功的转移给接收者”。在施事论元的分析和讨论上,本文所讨论的论元为非意愿性的,即非生命性的,不在是典型的生命体施事。在受事的分析讨论上,也是非意愿性的,不具有生命性的。即使施事论元和受事论元是非生命性的,但是在隐喻和转喻机制的作用下,非意愿性论元双及物构式得以存在发展。作为这些非意愿性论元构式的动词,既有典型的双及物动词,例如,“give,”也有其他的不具有典型的动词,例如,“allow, leave”。本文为了全面研究非意愿性论元的双及物构式,分析其施事,受事的语义限制,并且根据其接受程度,对其进行了分类。同时,本文发现,从上述的分析发展来看,双及物构式是一个功能强大的构式,致使—移动构式、英语动结构式、英语way构式和它有着千丝万缕的联系。本文根据非意愿性双及物构式的语义特征,将其分为四类:因果关系,条件关系,方式关系,让步关系。作为一种特殊的语言现象,非意愿性论元句式广泛应运在当代英文写作过程中,本文的另一个目的是希望上述分析能提高人们对它的认识。

论文目录

  • Abstract
  • 摘要
  • Abbreviations
  • Chapter One Introduction
  • 1.1 The definition of the non—volitional ditransitive construction
  • 1.2 Significance and the objectives of the thesis
  • 1.3 The layout of the thesis
  • Chapter Two Literature Review
  • 2.1 The structural approach to the Ditransitive Construction
  • 2.2 The transformational approach to the Ditransitive Construction
  • 2.3 The cognitive approach to the Ditransitive Construction
  • 2.4 summary
  • Chapter Three Theoretical Foundation
  • 3.1 The theoretical sources and proposition of CG
  • 3.1.1 The influence of the frame semantics of Fillmore
  • 3.1.2 The influence of Lakoff
  • 3.2 Construction Grammar of Goldberg
  • 3.2.1 The definition of construction
  • 3.2.2 The relation between verbs and constructions
  • 3.2.3 The characteristics of the Construction Grammar
  • 3.2.4 The advantages of Construction Grammar
  • 3.3 Summary
  • Chapter four The Ditransitive Construction of non—volitional argument:A construction Grammar Perspective
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 From ditransitive construction to other constructions
  • 4.3 The existence of the ditransitive construction of non-volitional argument
  • 4.3.1 Grammatical representation of the ditransitive construction of non-volitional argument
  • 4.3.2 Semantic representation of the ditransitive construction of non-volitional argument
  • 4.4 Interaction between the DC of the non—volitional argument and its arguments
  • 4.4.1 Semantic constraints on the agent
  • 4.4.2 Semantic constraints on the recipient
  • 4.4.3 Semantic constraints on the patient
  • 4.5 Reclassification of the ditranstitive construction of non-volitional argument
  • 4.5.1 Causality
  • 4.5.2 Conditional
  • 4.5.3 Manner
  • 4.5.4 Concession
  • 4.6 Summary
  • Chapter Five Conclusion
  • 5.1 Summary of the thesis
  • 5.2 Findings
  • 5.3 Limitations
  • Bibliography
  • Acknowledgements
  • Publications
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    非意愿性论元双及物构式之构式语法研究
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