英语有标记名物化词语的语义突显与翻译心理机制研究

论文摘要

动词名物化是英语中最普遍却也是最复杂的现象。普遍是因为英语是典型的具有曲折变化的语言,动词添加后缀或者零后缀可实现为名词。从形式角度来看,动词名词化往往可以使表达比较简洁,造句比较灵活,行文比较自然。复杂则是因为名物化词语具有囊括和浓缩的功能,信息承载量较大,从而为名物化词语的准确理解带来了障碍。本文的研究对象是有标记的动词名物化词语。有标记是指名物化的名词形态标记:表示复数形式的-s或表示单数意义的不定冠词a/an。有标记的名物化词语不再表达抽象概念,而具有指称意义、有单复数的语义实体。有标记的动词名物化词语的名物化过程就是其动作逐步从动作转化为与该动作相关的人或者事物的过程。动词名物化词语可视为“从句的压缩”,与源动词相关的其他成分的缺失对名物化词语的语义解读起至关重要的制约作用。一个名物化词语的语义选择取决于该词在所处的认知语境中各个义项在关系参数映射下所享有的不同程度的突显。本文旨在研究有标记名物化词语中的隐含成分（即与源动词相关缺失成分）在认知语境制约下的突显问题,从而找到此类词语汉译的可操作方法。基于贝尔（1991）的翻译过程模式,再结合由语义成分分析、突显观、认知语境、映射以及最佳关联合成的理论框架,本文提出了翻译有标记动词名物化词语的模式。该模式包括认知解码过程和认知编码过程。名物化的解码构建了一个有参与者和环境的动态过程,旨在源语中确定突显成分。突显成分在目的语中的形态呈多样化。在目的语中合成一个相应的有参与者和环境的动态过程,可最终确定名物化词语的暂构义。由于有标记名物化话词语指向语义实体,翻译过程易采用字对字翻译,以求最大限度忠实于原文。翻译是是一个对原语进行语内或语际阐释的明示推理活动,即原文作者利用某种语言表达自己的意图,而译者解读作者意图之后转换成另外一种语言将原作者的意图传递给译文读者。译者只有正确解读了作者意图才能保证译文的准确性。本文旨在将推理过程程序化,再现名物化词语的翻译过程。有标记的动词名物化词语的翻译心理机制研究则再现了译者在处理此类词语的心里活动,从中找出相应的规则和程序。

论文目录

• 摘要
• ABSTRACT
• CONTENTS
• LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
• LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 General statement
• 1.2 Rationale for the present study
• 1.2.1 Why the marked English nominalizations
• 1.2.2 Why semantic prominence
• 1.2.3 Why the mental mechanism
• 1.3 Significance of the present study
• 1.4 A working definition of the marked English nominalizations
• 1.5 Ways to conduct the study
• 1.6 Research questions
• 1.7 Organization of the present study
• Chapter 2 Literature Review
• 2.1 Overview
• 2.2 Previous studies of nominalization
• 2.2.1 Previous studies of nominalization aboard
• 2.2.2 Previous studies of nominalization in China
• 2.3 Previous studies of the translation of English nominalization in China
• 2.4 Comments on the literature
• Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework
• 3.1 Overview
• 3.2 Cognitive theories employed
• 3.2.1 Semantic componential analysis
• 3.2.2 The prominence view
• 3.2.3 Cognitive context
• 3.2.4 Projection
• 3.2.5 The optimal relevance
• 3.3 Integration of the theories employed
• Chapter 4 Categorization of the Verb-derived Nominalizations
• 4.1 Overview
• 4.2 Characterization of the verb-derived nominalizations
• 4.2.1 Nominal properties in the verb-derived nominalizations
• 4.2.2 Verbal properties in the verb-derived nominalizations
• 4.3 Categorization of the verb-derived nominalizations
• 4.4 Summary
• Chapter 5 Application to the Translation of the Marked English Nominalizations
• 5.1 Overview
• 5.2 A proposed model for translating the marked nominalizations
• 5.3 Analysis:translating the marked English nominalizations
• 5.3.1 Event-profiled nominalization
• 5.3.2 Agent-profiled nominalization
• 5.2.3 Patient-profiled nominalization
• 5.2.4 Theme-profiled nominalization
• 5.2.5 Instrument-profiled nominalization
• 5.2.6 Method-profiled nominalization
• 5.2.7 Material-profiled nominalization
• 5.2.8 Result-profiled nominalization
• 5.2.9 Location-profiled nominalization
• 5.2.10 Quantity-profiled nominalization
• 5.2.11 Range-profiled nominalization
• 5.4 Summary
• Chapter 6 Conclusion
• 6.1 Efforts achieved in the present study
• 6.2 Limitations of the present study
• 6.3 Suggestions for further study
• References
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS