性别语言差异的人际意义

论文摘要

人际意义理论来源于韩礼德的系统功能语法,也称作人际元功能,指语言使用中所存在的人与人之间的、变化的、可协商的意义,即语言不仅有交换信息的功能,也发挥着建立和维持社会关系,表达讲话者的身份、地位、态度、动机和他对事物的推断、判断和评价等作用,这就是语言的人际元功能。人际意义可由三种方式实现,即语气、情态和基调。语气是建立和保持发话人与受话人之间角色及角色关系的系统。Martin所提出的评价理论是由功能语言学的人际意义研究发展而来,评价资源在词汇层面反映人际意义,因此本文将主要探讨语气系统及评价系统中男女表达人际意义选择语气类型及评价资源的差异。本文讨论的语气类型包括感叹、祈使、是非疑问以及小句中的感叹语。本文讨论的评价资源包括级差和介入。研究发现男女选择不同的语气类型表达内心感受、命令、建议和评价。同时,也发现在通常情况下即使男女使用相同的语气类型却表达不同的评价意义,但在评价资源的选择上差异并不是很明显。研究表明男女的性别语言差异是以社会意义作为基础的,如权势关系、人际关系,社会规范,教育及家庭背景及个人价值观的影响。前人对性别语言差异的研究主要着重从社会语言学的视角看待女性与男性话语,本文的创新点在于以系统功能语法为框架,从语气系统和评价系统出发,结合系统功能语法从社会符号研究语言的理念,研究性别语言差异的人际意义,即将人际意义理论与社会语言哲学观相结合来分析性别语言差异。希望本文能够有益于性别语言差异研究和人际意义理论研究。同时,也希望本项研究能够为更好地探讨分析男女交际模式提供一些帮助,为文本分析和英语语言学习提供参考。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Questions to be Raised
• 1.1.1 Motivation
• 1.1.2 Significance and Originality
• 1.2 Framework
• 1.2.1 Methodology and Data Collection
• 1.2.2 Organization
• 2 Literature Review
• 2.1 Researches of Genderlect Differences at Home and Abroad
• 2.1.1 Researches of Genderlect Differences Abroad
• 2.1.2 Researches of Genderlect Differences in China
• 2.2 Overview of Systemic Functional Grammar
• 2.2.1 Development of Systemic Functional Grammar
• 2.2.2 Systemic Functional Grammar and Discourse Analysis
• 3 Theoretical Basis for Interpersonal Meaning of Genderlect Differences
• 3.1 The Study of Interpersonal Meaning and its Extension
• 3.1.1 Interpersonal Meaning
• 3.1.2 Appraisal Theory
• 3.2 Reason for Genderlect Differences in Interpersonal Meaning from Sociosemioticperspective
• 3.2.1 Limitations of Gender as a Factor of Genderlect Differences
• 3.2.2 Social Semiotic System as the Foundation of Genderlect Differences
• 4 Interpersonal Meaning of Genderlect Differences in Men's and Women'sLinguistic Choices
• 4.1 IM of Genderlect Differences in Major Clause
• 4.1.1 IM of Genderlect Differences in Exclamative
• 4.1.2 IM of Genderlect Differences in Imperative
• 4.1.3 IM of Genderlect Differences in Yes-no Interrogative
• 4.1.4 Summary
• 4.2 IM of Genderlect Differences in Minor Clause
• 4.2.1 Minor Clause and Exclamations
• 4.2.2 IM of Genderlect Differences in Exclamations
• 4.2.3 Summary
• 4.3 IM of Genderlect Differences in Appraisal Resources
• 4.3.1 IM of Genderlect Differences in Graduation
• 4.3.2 IM of Genderlect Differences in Engagement
• 4.3.3 Summary
• 5 IM of Genderlect Differences in Violation of Men's and Women's LinguisticChoices
• 5.1 IM of Genderlect Differences in Violation of Choices of Mood Types
• 5.1.1 IM of Men's Violation of Choices of Exclamative
• 5.1.2 IM of Women's Violation of Choices of Imperative
• 5.1.3 IM of Men's Violation of Choices of Yes-no Interrogative
• 5.1.4 Summary
• 5.2 IM of Genderlect Differences in Violation of Choices of Exclamations
• 5.2.1 IM of Men's Violation of Choices of Exclamations
• 5.2.2 IM of Women's Violation of Choices of Exclamations
• 5.2.3 Summary
• 5.3 IM of Genderlect Differences in Violation of Choices of Appraisal Resources
• 5.3.1 IM of Men's Violation of Choices of Graduation
• 5.3.2 IM of Men'S Violation of Choices of Engagement
• 5.3.3 Summary
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Publications During M.A.Study
• Acknowledgement