论文摘要
外语学习者在使用目的语交际的过程中,遇到的诸多困难源自文化差异。由于本族人是在成长和受教育过程中自然而然地习得母语文化,因此在与不同文化背景的人们进行交往时往往会无意识地用本民族的文化准则、社会规范、社会语言规则来判断和解释别人的语言行为,从而造成语用失误。其中文化差异引起的文化迁移是造成语用失误的最重要原因之一。它主要体现在两个方面:即表层文化迁移(包括物质文化和制度文化)和深层文化迁移(主要是心理层次的社会文化价值观念)。前者由于是显性的,通过比较和学习较容易克服;而后者是隐性的,不易被察觉,由此而引起的语用失误往往更严重,也比较难克服,但也并非没有办法。本论文从跨文化交际学的角度出发,分析了文化迁移的理论基础,以及表层文化迁移和深层文化迁移的实例。针对目前中国大学生的特点和大学英语文化教学的现状,展开调查。找出造成文化迁移的原因,探讨相对应的口语教学策略,寻求减少学生英语交流中语用失误的方法,提高其跨文化交际能力。本文的调查对英语口语教学的启示是:造成文化负迁移的最终原因是缺乏足够的文化知识,因此,在教学过程中要将文化教学同语言教学融为一体;同时,教学法、教师和学习者三个要素要有机结合,三者相互融合,相互影响,最终才能促使学生理解文化差异、克服文化迁移,进而能够得体地使用英语进行交际。
论文目录
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