本文主要研究内容
作者张东升（2019）在《超重力法制备纳米零价铁及对重金属离子铅、铬的去除》一文中研究指出：纳米零价铁（nZVI）作为水处理的通用材料,可有效处理含重金属离子废水。然而,nZVI在制备及应用过程中,仍存在以下问题:（1）nZVI活性较高,易氧化,难保存,极易在干燥后自燃而引起危险;（2）传统间歇反应器制备nZVI时存在难连续、批量制备且颗粒粒径较大、粒径分布不均匀、存在易团聚等现象;（3）实际重金属离子废水成份复杂多样,存在共存离子的促进或抑制作用,对重金属离子的去除产生影响。针对nZVI易氧化失活的问题,采用将nZVI直接保存于液相而代替干燥的办法,并以Pb（Ⅱ）去除率为评价指标探究不同保存方法下nZVI活性的变化。首先,对所制nZVI分别进行SEM、TEM、XRD和XPS表征。SEM和TEM结果表明:所制nZVI为粒径大小约55 nm的类球形链状团聚结构,XRD和XPS结果表明其成份主要为Fe0、Fe2+和Fe3+。Pb（Ⅱ）去除性能研究结果表明:Pb（Ⅱ）去除率最大时最佳pH为6.0,在此条件下,未干燥nZVI与干燥nZVI对Pb（Ⅱ）吸附均为单分子层吸附,未干燥nZVI对Pb（Ⅱ）最大吸附容量为807.23 mg·g-1,与干燥nZVI相比,最大吸附容量提升约1.20倍。动力学研究结果表明未干燥nZVI与干燥nZVI对Pb（Ⅱ）吸附均符合拟二级动力学模型,且未干燥nZVI对Pb（Ⅱ）有着更快的吸附速率。说明保存于液相的方法可改善nZVI氧化程度、维持其较高的反应活性。其次,在采用液相保存的基础上,采用超重力法制备nZVI并在制备的同时添加羧甲基纤维素（CMC）进行同步改性,同时解决nZVI难连续、批量制备和易团聚的问题。经计算,实验室条件下采用超重力法制备CMC-nZVI的产量为336 g·h-1。TEM和DLS表征结果表明:所制CMC-nZVI粒径大小约为15 nm,与未改性nZVI相比,其粒径较小、分布均匀且团聚现象不明显。XRD、FTIR、TG和DSC表征结果表明:CMC-nZVI主要成分为Fe0,表面存在CMC成份,含量约为1.61%。Pb（Ⅱ）去除性能研究结果表明:Pb（Ⅱ）去除率最大时最佳pH为6.0,在此条件下,未改性nZVI与CMC-nZVI对Pb（Ⅱ）吸附均为单分子层吸附,CMC-nZVI对Pb（Ⅱ）最大吸附容量为1237.32 mg?g-1,与未改性nZVI相比,最大吸附容量提升约1.48倍。动力学研究结果表明未改性nZVI与CMC-nZVI对Pb（Ⅱ）吸附均符合拟二级动力学模型,且CMC-nZVI对Pb（Ⅱ）有着更快的吸附速率。Pb（Ⅱ）去除机理研究结果表明,反应后CMC-nZVI表面同时存在Pb2+和Pb0,说明去除机理包含吸附和还原两个过程。Cr（Ⅵ）去除性能研究结果表明:在pH为4.0条件下,CMC-nZVI对Cr（Ⅵ）吸附为单分子层吸附,最大吸附容量为170.14 mg?g-1,动力学研究结果表明CMC-nZVI对Cr（Ⅵ）吸附符合拟二级动力学模型。Cr（Ⅵ）去除机理研究结果表明,反应后CMC-nZVI表面仅存在Cr（Ⅲ）,说明去除机理主要为还原过程。最后,分别探究溶液中共存阳离子对Pb（Ⅱ）去除率、共存阳离子和共存阴离子对Cr（Ⅵ）去除率的影响。共存阳离子结果表明:Na+对Pb（Ⅱ）、Cr（Ⅵ）去除率均无明显影响;Cu2+和Ni2+均对Pb（Ⅱ）去除率呈现抑制作用且抑制作用强弱顺序为Cu2+>Ni2+;Cu2+和Ni2+均对Cr（Ⅵ）去除率呈现促进作用;随Cd2+浓度的逐渐增大,对Pb（Ⅱ）去除率呈现先抑制后促进的作用,而Cd2+对Cr（Ⅵ）去除率呈现促进作用。共存阴离子结果表明:NO3-对Cr（Ⅵ）去除率无明显影响;Cl-对Cr（Ⅵ）的影响表现为促进作用;随着SO42-浓度的逐渐增大而由无明显影响逐渐转为促进作用。
Abstract
na mi ling jia tie （nZVI）zuo wei shui chu li de tong yong cai liao ,ke you xiao chu li han chong jin shu li zi fei shui 。ran er ,nZVIzai zhi bei ji ying yong guo cheng zhong ,reng cun zai yi xia wen ti :（1）nZVIhuo xing jiao gao ,yi yang hua ,nan bao cun ,ji yi zai gan zao hou zi ran er yin qi wei xian ;（2）chuan tong jian xie fan ying qi zhi bei nZVIshi cun zai nan lian xu 、pi liang zhi bei ju ke li li jing jiao da 、li jing fen bu bu jun yun 、cun zai yi tuan ju deng xian xiang ;（3）shi ji chong jin shu li zi fei shui cheng fen fu za duo yang ,cun zai gong cun li zi de cu jin huo yi zhi zuo yong ,dui chong jin shu li zi de qu chu chan sheng ying xiang 。zhen dui nZVIyi yang hua shi huo de wen ti ,cai yong jiang nZVIzhi jie bao cun yu ye xiang er dai ti gan zao de ban fa ,bing yi Pb（Ⅱ）qu chu lv wei ping jia zhi biao tan jiu bu tong bao cun fang fa xia nZVIhuo xing de bian hua 。shou xian ,dui suo zhi nZVIfen bie jin hang SEM、TEM、XRDhe XPSbiao zheng 。SEMhe TEMjie guo biao ming :suo zhi nZVIwei li jing da xiao yao 55 nmde lei qiu xing lian zhuang tuan ju jie gou ,XRDhe XPSjie guo biao ming ji cheng fen zhu yao wei Fe0、Fe2+he Fe3+。Pb（Ⅱ）qu chu xing neng yan jiu jie guo biao ming :Pb（Ⅱ）qu chu lv zui da shi zui jia pHwei 6.0,zai ci tiao jian xia ,wei gan zao nZVIyu gan zao nZVIdui Pb（Ⅱ）xi fu jun wei chan fen zi ceng xi fu ,wei gan zao nZVIdui Pb（Ⅱ）zui da xi fu rong liang wei 807.23 mg·g-1,yu gan zao nZVIxiang bi ,zui da xi fu rong liang di sheng yao 1.20bei 。dong li xue yan jiu jie guo biao ming wei gan zao nZVIyu gan zao nZVIdui Pb（Ⅱ）xi fu jun fu ge ni er ji dong li xue mo xing ,ju wei gan zao nZVIdui Pb（Ⅱ）you zhao geng kuai de xi fu su lv 。shui ming bao cun yu ye xiang de fang fa ke gai shan nZVIyang hua cheng du 、wei chi ji jiao gao de fan ying huo xing 。ji ci ,zai cai yong ye xiang bao cun de ji chu shang ,cai yong chao chong li fa zhi bei nZVIbing zai zhi bei de tong shi tian jia suo jia ji qian wei su （CMC）jin hang tong bu gai xing ,tong shi jie jue nZVInan lian xu 、pi liang zhi bei he yi tuan ju de wen ti 。jing ji suan ,shi yan shi tiao jian xia cai yong chao chong li fa zhi bei CMC-nZVIde chan liang wei 336 g·h-1。TEMhe DLSbiao zheng jie guo biao ming :suo zhi CMC-nZVIli jing da xiao yao wei 15 nm,yu wei gai xing nZVIxiang bi ,ji li jing jiao xiao 、fen bu jun yun ju tuan ju xian xiang bu ming xian 。XRD、FTIR、TGhe DSCbiao zheng jie guo biao ming :CMC-nZVIzhu yao cheng fen wei Fe0,biao mian cun zai CMCcheng fen ,han liang yao wei 1.61%。Pb（Ⅱ）qu chu xing neng yan jiu jie guo biao ming :Pb（Ⅱ）qu chu lv zui da shi zui jia pHwei 6.0,zai ci tiao jian xia ,wei gai xing nZVIyu CMC-nZVIdui Pb（Ⅱ）xi fu jun wei chan fen zi ceng xi fu ,CMC-nZVIdui Pb（Ⅱ）zui da xi fu rong liang wei 1237.32 mg?g-1,yu wei gai xing nZVIxiang bi ,zui da xi fu rong liang di sheng yao 1.48bei 。dong li xue yan jiu jie guo biao ming wei gai xing nZVIyu CMC-nZVIdui Pb（Ⅱ）xi fu jun fu ge ni er ji dong li xue mo xing ,ju CMC-nZVIdui Pb（Ⅱ）you zhao geng kuai de xi fu su lv 。Pb（Ⅱ）qu chu ji li yan jiu jie guo biao ming ,fan ying hou CMC-nZVIbiao mian tong shi cun zai Pb2+he Pb0,shui ming qu chu ji li bao han xi fu he hai yuan liang ge guo cheng 。Cr（Ⅵ）qu chu xing neng yan jiu jie guo biao ming :zai pHwei 4.0tiao jian xia ,CMC-nZVIdui Cr（Ⅵ）xi fu wei chan fen zi ceng xi fu ,zui da xi fu rong liang wei 170.14 mg?g-1,dong li xue yan jiu jie guo biao ming CMC-nZVIdui Cr（Ⅵ）xi fu fu ge ni er ji dong li xue mo xing 。Cr（Ⅵ）qu chu ji li yan jiu jie guo biao ming ,fan ying hou CMC-nZVIbiao mian jin cun zai Cr（Ⅲ）,shui ming qu chu ji li zhu yao wei hai yuan guo cheng 。zui hou ,fen bie tan jiu rong ye zhong gong cun yang li zi dui Pb（Ⅱ）qu chu lv 、gong cun yang li zi he gong cun yin li zi dui Cr（Ⅵ）qu chu lv de ying xiang 。gong cun yang li zi jie guo biao ming :Na+dui Pb（Ⅱ）、Cr（Ⅵ）qu chu lv jun mo ming xian ying xiang ;Cu2+he Ni2+jun dui Pb（Ⅱ）qu chu lv cheng xian yi zhi zuo yong ju yi zhi zuo yong jiang ruo shun xu wei Cu2+>Ni2+;Cu2+he Ni2+jun dui Cr（Ⅵ）qu chu lv cheng xian cu jin zuo yong ;sui Cd2+nong du de zhu jian zeng da ,dui Pb（Ⅱ）qu chu lv cheng xian xian yi zhi hou cu jin de zuo yong ,er Cd2+dui Cr（Ⅵ）qu chu lv cheng xian cu jin zuo yong 。gong cun yin li zi jie guo biao ming :NO3-dui Cr（Ⅵ）qu chu lv mo ming xian ying xiang ;Cl-dui Cr（Ⅵ）de ying xiang biao xian wei cu jin zuo yong ;sui zhao SO42-nong du de zhu jian zeng da er you mo ming xian ying xiang zhu jian zhuai wei cu jin zuo yong 。
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论文作者分别是来自中北大学的张东升，发表于刊物中北大学2019-07-04论文，是一篇关于纳米零价铁论文,不同保存方法论文,超重力论文,重金属离子论文,中北大学2019-07-04论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自中北大学2019-07-04论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：纳米零价铁论文; 不同保存方法论文; 超重力论文; 重金属离子论文; 中北大学2019-07-04论文;