英语词认知的心理过程

论文摘要

词汇习得在整个外语学习中起着核心和基础的作用,它是决定人们能否自如沟通交流的重要因素,而认知心理在很大程度上左右着训汇学习的全过程。本文致力于将认知心理学理论应用于英语词汇习得,探讨了科学有效的词汇认知方法,并希望在一定程度上对英语词汇教学和学习有所帮助。本文介绍了大脑基本结构并从以信息加工理论作为切入点,分析了人脑从外界多渠道接收信息并按照一定的内在结构编码,储存和提取的过程。其次,本文借助认知理论,指出教师应注意对新词的初次讲解并强调词根及词缀部分的特点。通过深层加工,将信息接收转变为信息吸收,而本文则提供了涉及视觉刺激、认知组图、听觉输入等的习得策略。核心词汇对于有效储存发挥着作用,教师应注意培养学生利用核心词汇释义新词的能力。合理利用词汇组块和搭配有利于巩固长时记忆。此外,上下文效应使得一个新词通过分析、推理与判断这一积极服务的认知过程,达到了高度认知。接下来,本文从元认知意识角度分析了动机与反馈、注意力与投入程度以及情感互动等因素对词汇认知的影响。本文结尾总结了论文的主要内容并指出了需要进一步研究的问题。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 摘要
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 Introductory Remarks
• 1.2 Rationale of the Research
• 1.3 Organization of the Thesis
• Chapter Two Human Brain and Information Processing System in Cognitive Psychology
• 2.1 Human Brain
• 2.1.1 The Construction of Human Brain
• 2.1.2 The Cerebrum and the Cerebellum
• 2.2 Information Processing System
• 2.2.1 Sensory Stores
• 2.2.2 Working Memory
• 2.2.3 Permanent Memory （Long-term Memory）
• Chapter Three Mental Lexicon
• 3.1 Knowledge of Words in Mental Lexicon
• 3.1.1 Phonological Knowledge
• 3.1.2 Morphological Knowledge
• 3.1.3 Syntactic Knowledge
• 3.1.4 Semantic Knowledge
• 3.2 Organization of the Mental Lexicon
• 3.3 Two ways of Lexical Accessing
• 3.3.1 Accessing by Orthographic Codes
• 3.3.2 Accessing by Speech-based Codes
• 3.4 Summary of Mental Lexicon
• Chapter Four Application of Information Processing System to Lexicon Acquisition
• 4.1 Sequential Transition
• 4.2 Parallel Process
• 4.2.1 Visual Input
• 4.2.2 Auditory Input
• 4.2.3 Cognitive Map
• 4.3 Lexicon Rehearsal
• 4.3.1 Retention Effect
• 4.3.2 Word Frequency Effect
• 4.3.3 Specific Procedure
• 4.4 Role of Core Lexicon
• 4.4.1 Cognitive Economy
• 4.4.2 Core-word Method
• 4.4.3 Chunks and Collocations
• 4.5 Structure of Interconnected Links
• 4.5.1 Internal Lexicon
• 4.5.2 Connectionist Networks
• 4.5.3 Highlight of Constructivism
• 4.5.4 Enlightenment and Application
• 4.6 Inference Strategy
• 4.6.1 Activated by Contextual Meaning
• 4.6.2 Extensive and Multiple Exposures
• 4.6.3 Combination of Incidental and Intentional Acquisition
• 4.6.4 Concrete Procedures
• Chapter Five Metacognitive Awareness
• 5.1 Significance of Metacognitive Knowledge
• 5.2 Motivation and Feedback
• 5.3 Attention Capacity and Engagement
• 5.4 Emotional Reactions
• 5.5 Combination of Strategies
• Chapter Six Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements