中美网站灾难新闻报道中所涉及人物的言语行为分析

论文摘要

本文从语用学的角度分析灾难新闻报道中言语行为。作者从中国日报网、纽约时报网等中美时事网站的灾难新闻报道中收集了一千多条话语，结合定量和定性分析，以塞尔的言语行为理论和梵·迪克的语境模型为基础，依据话语言外行为的异同对语料加以分类及案例分析，探讨灾难新闻报道中言语行为的实施情况。本文将作为语料的话语视为说话者实施的言语行为，并通过分析，发现不同说话者实施言语行为的方式不同。根据塞尔的分类，话语可依据其言外行为被分为断言式、指令式、承诺式、表情式及宣告式。这五类言外行为在灾难新闻报道的语境中出现的频率有所不同。绝大多数话语实施的言外行为为断言式，而实施宣告式言外行为的极少出现。间接性方面，说话者实施直接言语行为的频率多于其实施间接言语行为的频率。在说话者身份及社会文化背景不同的情况下，语境模型如何影响说话者的话语创作及言语行为的实施也是本文讨论的重点。灾难新闻报道中，不同参与者发言时对所实施的言外行为种类和言语行为间接性的选择偏好存在差异。说话者构建的主观语境模型包含的诸多范畴，如说话者社会政治身份、会话双方相互关系、共有的知识体系、态度与信仰、文化背景等，都会影响他们实施的言语行为的形式和类别。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 摘要
• Contents
• List of Tables
• List of Figures
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 Background of the Study
• 1.2 Significance of the Study
• 1.3 Structure of the Thesis
• Chapter Two Literature Review
• 2.1 Studies on the Variation of Speech Acts
• 2.2 Linguistic Studies on the Disaster News Reports
• 2.3 Studies on Speech Acts in the News
• 2.4 Summary
• Chapter Three Theoretical Framework
• 3.1 The Speech Act Theory
• 3.1.1 Austin’s Notion of Speech Acts
• 3.1.2 Searle’s Contribution to the Speech Act Theory
• 3.2 Van Dijk’s Theory of Context
• 3.2.1 Definition of Context
• 3.2.2 Functions of Context
• Chapter Four Methodology
• 4.1 Objectives and Research Questions
• 4.2 Materials and Data Collection
• 4.3 Data Analysis
• Chapter Five Pragmatic Analysis on Speech Acts in the Disaster News Reports
• 5.1 Illocutionary Acts in the Disaster News Reports
• 5.1.1 Classification of Illocutionary Acts in the Disaster News Reports
• 5.1.2 Frequencies and Distribution of Illocutionary Acts in the Disaster News Reports
• 5.2 Direct Speech Acts and Indirect Speech Acts in the Disaster News Reports
• 5.2.1 Direct Speech Acts in the Disaster News Reports
• 5.2.2 Indirect Speech Acts in the Disaster News Reports
• 5.2.3 Frequencies and Distribution of Direct Speech Acts and Indirect Speech Acts in the Disaster News Reports
• 5.3 Patterns of the Speech Acts Performed in the Disaster News Reports
• Chapter Six Comparison of Speech Act Patterns Based on Context Models
• 6.1 The Influence of Context Models on the Speech Acts in the Disaster News Reports
• 6.2 Comparison of the Speech Acts Patterns in the Disaster News Reports
• 6.2.1 Patterns of the Speech Acts Based on Speaker’s Identity
• 6.2.2 The Influence of Social and Cultural Factors on the Speech Acts in the Disaster News Reports
• Chapter Seven Conclusion
• 7.1 Summary
• 7.2 Limitations of the Study and Suggestions for Further Research
• Bibliography
• Appendix: Sources of the Data
• Acknowledgements