玛格丽特·阿特伍德两部反面乌托邦小说的生态主义解读

论文摘要

玛格丽特·阿特伍德（1939-）是享誉世界的加拿大著名女作家,她的作品往往能表达她对自然、社会以及人类未来的深切担忧。在21世纪的今天,愈演愈烈的坏境危机和人类道德底线的逾越困扰着全世界,《使女的故事》和《羚羊与秧鸡》正是反映人类生存现状的两部小说。本文运用生态批评理论来解读小说中阿特伍德的生态思想。首先,反思性原则被认为是生态批评的起始点,本文以反面乌托邦题材为背景,分析了生态批评的反思性原则在两部小说中的体现；其次,整体性原则被视为生态批评的根本指导思想,通过对人类中心主义和工业文明的批判从而指出运用整体性思想来指导人类的生活实践尤为重要,整体性思想是人类发展与改革的唯一有效途径。阿特伍德的生态思想正随着时代的发展而日趋完善,她的思想也反映了生态批评的两原则。本文丰富和补充了对其生态主义思想的研究,并期待能以本文唤起更多读者的生态保护和自我反省意识。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• 摘要
• Abstract
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Margaret Atwood and Her Works
• 1.2 Literature Review of The Handmaid's Tale and Oryx and Crake
• 1.3 The Significance and Structure of the Thesis
• Chapter 2 An Overview of Dystopia and the Two Principles of Ecocriticism
• 2.1 Introduction to Dystopia
• 2.2 Introduction to the Two Principles of Ecocriticism
• Chapter 3 The Re-evaluation on the Rolc of Mankind via the Introspective Principle
• 3.1 Introspection of the Role of Mankind in Culture
• 3.2 Introspection of the Role of Mankind in Society
• 3.3 Introspection of the Role of Mankind in Ecology
• Chapter 4 The Remedy for Anthropocentrism and Industrialism via the Holistic Principle
• 4.1 Harmful Influences of Anthropocentrism and Industrialism
• 4.1.1 The Dreadful Consequences Caused by Anthropocentrism
• 4.1.2 The Chaotic State Resulting from Industrialism
• 4.2 Ecological Criticism on Anthropocentrism and Industrialism
• 4.2.1 Criticism on Anthropocentrism
• 4.2.2 Criticism on Industrialism
• 4.3 Effective Approach:the Ecological Holism
• 4.3.1 The Guidance for the Relationships among Human Beings
• 4.3.2 The Guidance for the Relationships between Human and Nature
• 4.3.3 The Guidance for the Relationships among Human and Organisms
• Chapter 5 Conclusion
• Works Cited
• 攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文和取得的科研成果