隐私与跨文化交际 ——中美文化中隐私之对比研究

论文摘要

随着全球化的进展,跨文化交际日益频繁。在此进程中,人们跨文化交际能力的培养与提高日显重要。人类交际需在一定的物理环境和认知环境当中发生,构成环境的诸多因素对交际的过程、性质、效果均有很强的渗透性影响。其中,隐私作为认知环境中的重要因素,总以直接或间接的方式影响着人们的跨文化交际,其重要性不容忽视。当今,中美两个大国在经济、文化、社会等方面的交流与合作日益密切,迫切需要两国人民之间的相互理解,不仅限于两种语言,更深入到两种文化。中美隐私比较对中美人民跨文化交际有着非常重要的实践意义。本文通过对中美两种文化中隐私的比较探究,为促进两国人民跨文化交际能力的改善和提高贡献薄力。本文运用Hofstede文化差异维度理论中集体主义——个人主义理论、Hall空间范围分类理论和Westin隐私理论为基础,首先陈述了跨文化交际的潜在障碍,着重分析了隐私差异形成的原因及其造成的交际失误;继而对中美隐私不同的表现进行对比分析:语言方面对比和非语言方面对比。前者涵盖中美隐私差异在成语、委婉语以及话题选择方面的反映,后者则包括中美隐私差异在领地、空间、距离方面的反映。最后,文章得出结论,中美隐私差异实质是群体隐私和个人隐私之间的差异,并在此基础上总结中美隐私差异对跨文化交际所带来的启示意义。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• 摘要
• Abstract
• I. Introduction
• II. Privacy and intercultural communication
• 2.1 Culture
• 2.2 Communication
• 2.3 Intercultural communication
• 2.4 Privacy
• 2.4.1 Privacy in intercultural communication
• 2.4.2 An overview of study on privacy
• III. Communication failures and privacy
• 3.1 Potential obstacles to intercultural communication
• 3.1.1 Perception
• 3.1.2 Verbal factors
• 3.1.3 Nonverbal factors
• 3.1.4 Level of knowing and accepting cultural differences
• 3.2 Communication failures caused by different privacy
• 3.3 Causes behind different privacy
• 3.3.1 Collectivism and individualism
• 3.3.2 High and low context cultures
• 3.3.3 Agriculture and industry cultures
• 3.3.4 Influences of globalization
• IV. Verbal Contrastive analysis on Chinese and American privacy
• 4.1 Privacy reflected in language
• 4.1.1 Privacy and conventional sayings
• 4.1.2 Privacy and euphemisms
• 4.1.2.1 Privacy and euphemisms about economic status
• 4.1.2.2 Privacy and euphemisms about "old age"
• 4.1.2.3 Privacy and euphemisms about sex, marriage and pregnancy
• 4.2 Privacy reflected in conversation topics
• V. Nonverbal Contrastive analysis on Chinese and American Privacy
• 5.1 Privacy and territoriality
• 5.1.1 Reflected in home territory
• 5.1.2 Reflected in office territory
• 5.1.3 Reflected in object territory
• 5.1.4 Reflected in personal information territory
• 5.2 Privacy and space
• 5.2.1 Privacy and fixed-feature space
• 5.2.2 Privacy and semi-fixed feature space
• 5.2.3 Privacy and informal space
• 5.3 Privacy and distance
• 5.3.1 Privacy and queuing
• 5.3.2 Privacy and crowding
• 5.3.3 Privacy and touching
• VI. Implications and conclusion
• 6.1 Implications
• 6.2 Conclusion
• Bibliography