基于语料库的自然语义元语言英汉语义基元happen和“发生”的对比研究

论文摘要

“自然语义元语言”是由安娜·维尔茨别希卡所提出的语言描述理论。她认为每一种语言都有一个不可还原的核心,称为“语义基元”,是进行复杂语言分析的工具。语义基元这一元语言可用于解析具有特定文化的词汇,表征特定文化脚本。表征的用词具有最大程度的清晰性和可译性,具有普遍的解释力,能够解释所有语言的基本语义。这一论点有必要通过实证型研究加以验证。本文采用基于语料库的研究方法,对自然语义元语言理论中英汉语义基元happen和“发生”进行对比研究。通过应用Wordsmith 5.0和SPSS10.0计算机软件,利用自建小型英汉对比语料库对语义基元happen和“发生”使用情况进行量化分析和对比研究。通过对从语料库中提取的语料分析,本研究对happen和“发生”的分布,句法结构,类连接,语义韵及搭配进行鉴定与分析。我们发现语义基元happen和“发生”在分布,句法结构,类连接和语义韵使用方面无显著差异。结果表明英中语义基元happen和“发生”完全对等,从而为证明自然语义元语言可行性提供依据。

论文目录

• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• ABSTRACT （English）
• ABSTRACT （Chinese）
• LIST OF CONTENTS
• LIST OF TABLES
• ABBREVIATIONS
• Chapter One: Introduction
• 1.1 Background and Aims of the Present Study
• 1.2 Significance of the Study
• 1.3 General Organization of the Thesis
• Chapter Two: Theoretical Background of the Present Study
• 2.1 The Main Principles of the NSM Theory
• 2.2 The Current NSM Model
• 2.3 The Application of the NSM Theory
• 2.3.1 The NSM explications to lexical semantics
• 2.3.2 The NSM explications to cultural scripts
• 2.4 Summary
• Chapter Three: Methodology
• 3.1 Introduction to Corpus Linguistics
• 3.2 Types of Corpora
• 3.3 Construction of the Corpus Used in this Thesis
• 3.4 Some Important Terms
• 3.4.1 Word frequency
• 3.4.2 Concordance and key words in context （KWIC）
• 3.4.3 Collocation and colligation
• 3.4.4 Semantic prosody and semantic preference
• Chapter Four: Data Analysis and Discussion
• 4.1 Dictionary Explanation of happen and fasheng
• 4.2 Distribution of happen and fasheng
• 4.2.1 Overall distribution of happen and fasheng
• 4.2.2 Frequencies of happen and fasheng with different meanings
• 4.3 Syntactic Patterns of happen and fasheng
• 4.4 Colligations of happen and fasheng
• 4.5 Semantic Prosody and Collocation of happen and fasheng
• 4.5.1 Overall semantic prosody of happen and fasheng
• 4.5.2 Positive semantic prosody of happen and fasheng
• 4.5.3 Negative semantic prosody of happen and fasheng
• 4.5.4 Neutral semantic prosody of happen and fasheng
• Chapter Five: Conclusions
• 5.1 Major Findings of the Research
• 5.2 Limitations
• 5.3 Suggestions for Further Research
• References