割不断的家园情结 ——散居族裔理论下《高兴》与《还乡》之比较

论文摘要

本文以散居族裔理论为支撑,比较分析中西两位作家贾平凹和托马斯·哈代的长篇小说《高兴》与《还乡》,并在此基础上探讨小说中四位主人公的家园情结。《高兴》和《还乡》皆以转型期社会为其写作背景,讲述了主人公背井离乡或曾经背井离乡的悲欢故事。本文所分析的四位主人公在异地寻求发展的同时又深深地牵挂着自己的家乡。在小说《高兴》中,随着城市化的大潮影响并改变着清风镇原始的生活方式,刘高兴和五富怀着对城市生活的无限憧憬来到西安市,然而,城市生活的诸多弊端又使得他们怀念家乡的美好。论及《还乡》中的主人公克莱门·约布莱特和尤斯塔西雅·维伊,前者经历数年的巴黎生活,终于寻找到自己的梦想并最终回到生养自己的埃顿荒原,而后者则出生在相对繁华的蓓蕾口直至父母去世方定居荒原,毕生向往着城市生活的繁华,梦想着逃脱荒原。本文以散居族裔为理论支撑具体分析了四位主人公的家园情结并进一步探讨了贾平凹与哈代在其作品中展现家园主题的深层原因。笔者认为,其原因有三,即作者自身的散居族裔身份,社会转型期所经历的巨变以及在此期间人们由于精神空虚而对于精神家园的追求。通过对两部不同文化背景下,展现相同家园情结的小说进行比较分析,本论文旨在揭示社会转型期间人类共同面临严重精神危机并急需寻找精神家园。面对随转型而至的社会巨变,人类需要迅速调整自我以适应新的发展形势,否则必将付出沉重代价。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Table of Contents
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 A brief introduction to the two authors and the two novels
• 1.1.1 Jia Pingwa and Happiness
• 1.1.2 Thomas Hardy and The Return of the Native
• 1.2 The similarities between the two novels
• 1.2.1 Similarity in historical context
• 1.2.2 Similarity in the experiences of the protagonists in both two novels
• 1.2.3 Similarity in the protagonists' city dream
• 1.3 The Structure of this thesis
• Chapter Two Literature Review
• 2.1 A literature review of the novel Happiness
• 2.2 A literature review of the novel The Return of the Native
• Chapter Three Methodology—Diaspora Criticism
• 3.1 A brief introduction of the theory—diaspora criticism
• 3.2 Current adoption of this theory in literary study
• Chapter Four Homeland Nostalgia Shown in These Two Novels
• 4.1 A general definition of homeland nostalgia
• 4.2 Homeland nostalgia shown in Happiness
• 4.2.1 Language
• 4.2.2 Customs
• 4.2.3 Indications of going back to homeland in the future
• 4.3 Homeland nostalgia shown in The Return of the Native
• 4.3.1 Clym Yeobright's attachment towards his homeland—Egdon Heath
• 4.3.2 Eustacia Vye's dream of living in cities
• 4.3.2.1 The true identity of Eustacia
• 4.3.2.2 Eustacia's attitude towards the heath and her pursuit of cities—her homeland
• 4.4 A comparison of the four protagonists analyzed above
• Chapter Five The Reasons of Exploring Homeland Nostalgia in These TwoNovels
• 5.1 The authors themselves as diasporas from rural places to urban ones
• 5.2 The changes in the society during the transformation period
• 5.3 The pursuit of a spiritual homeland
• Chapter Six Conclusion
• Bibliography
• 攻读硕士学位期间取得的学术成果
• Acknowledgements