论文摘要
本文利用离心铸造的方法,在金属型中浇铸了目标成分为Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb(at.%)的TiAl基合金,随后对其进行热等静压(HIP)处理(1270℃/173MPa/4hr)。在确保合金中各元素分布均匀性的前提下,研究了快速冷却TiAl基合金晶粒尺寸和片层间距的变化规律,HIP工艺对其析出相尺寸的影响,以及TiAl基合金的显微硬度和耐磨性能。TiAl基合金的成分分布研究结果表明,熔炼过程中Al元素将产生一定的挥发,使得合金中Al元素含量略低于目标成分,而离心力场对成分均匀性无明显影响。研究结果表明,快速冷却条件下TiAl基合金的晶粒尺寸变化和片层间距变化,以及HIP工艺对其析出相尺寸的影响都呈现一定的规律性。样品横截面边缘区域的晶粒尺寸最小,最大尺寸晶粒出现在过渡区域内,片层间距和HIP过程中析出相在截面内的尺寸变化符合抛物线规律。金属型离心铸造TiAl基合金内部存在难以消除的微观缩松,铸态样品横截面内的显微硬度分布不存在明显的规律性。HIP工艺明显减小了样品横截面的显微硬度平均值,且呈现出较强的规律性,表现为中心区域附近较高,而边缘区域较低。耐磨性能研究结果表明,在50N/10min(载荷设定为50N,磨损时间设定为10min)和100N/5min实验条件下,铸态样品的摩擦系数为0.140;经HIP处理后,在50N/10min和100N/3min实验条件下,材料的摩擦系数为0.158。HIP对TiAl基合金摩擦系数的影响,可归结为两方面的原因:一是消除了铸件内部的微小缩松,提高了材料的致密度;二是显微组织结构由全片层向双态结构的转变对其耐磨性能的影响。
论文目录
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