论文摘要
本文通过研究新疆维吾尔族大学生的维汉语码转换现象来揭示维汉语码转换现象的主要语言特征,从而使我们对维汉语码转换现象有一个了解。本研究根据160段平均每段为三分钟的自然维汉双语会话录音材料,结合定性和定量两种研究方法,分析了语料中维汉语码转换的类型,选词和词组的特点及形态句法特征。分析结果显示:第一,在维汉语码转换的类型方面,维汉语码转换主要是以句内语码转换为主。第二,在维汉句内语码转换中词和词组的选择和使用方面,维汉句内语码转换中词和词组的选择是受一定限制的。嵌入语汉语中词的选择频率要远远高于词组的选择频率。同时嵌入语汉语中名词,动词及形容词相对与其他词性的词的选择频率也要高出许多。维汉句内语码转换中嵌入语汉语词和词组的使用是遵循一定的维吾尔语词汇的形态特征的。嵌入在维吾尔语的汉语名词和名词词组接受维吾尔语的复数标记来表达复数的含义。嵌入在维吾尔语的汉语动词和动词词组接受维吾尔语辅助动词来表达时态,语态,人称等语法意义。嵌入在维吾尔语的汉语形容词接受维吾尔语的比较级标记来表达比较的含义。第三,在维汉语码转换的句法使用特征方面,维汉语码转换的句法使用是受一定限制的。嵌入语汉语词或词组主要都出现在句子的主语,谓语,和宾语的位置上。维汉语码转换的结构是通过汉语嵌入到主体语维语的过程实现的。维汉语码转换的句法特征由主体语维语决定。嵌入语汉语词或词组在句子的主语位置上主要有三种结构。嵌入语汉语词或词组在句子的谓语位置上主要有四种结构。嵌入语汉语词或词组在句子的宾语位置上主要有六种结构。本论文对维汉语码转换的实证研究从结构的角度表明了维汉语码转换是遵循主体语维吾尔语的语法规则的。该结论进一步证实了Myers-Scotton的主体语框架模式的正确性。
论文目录
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