外国留学生汉语学习策略的多案例研究

论文摘要

自上个世纪八十年代以来,语言学习策略成为语言习得研究中一个重要组成部分。至今已有大量研究英语等印欧语言的学习策略,但是针对汉语的学习策略的研究却为数不多。上个世纪末兴起的汉语学习策略研究虽然已小有成果,但是与当今汉语学习热潮和学习氛围相比,还远远不足。另一方面,目前的汉语学习策略研究多采用量的研究方法,重复性研究较多。本研究采用在汉语学习策略研究领域中较少使用的、但是在社会科学研究中日渐凸显其独特魅力的质的研究方法,历时六个月对三位在宁学习的外国留学生进行了关于汉语学习策略的个案研究。通过多次访谈等方式大量收集原始资料,并在广泛阅读相关文献的基础上做细致、客观的分析。本研究通过构建三个案例的形式来展开整个研究过程。案例1主要描述David同学不平凡的汉语学习经历、不一样的学习观念以及在汉字、语法、听、说、读等方面的学习策略。案例2主要基于对Linlin作为一个普通学习者的描述以及她的汉字、阅读、听力的学习策略和情感方面的策略。案例3以Aonica成功的学习经历开始,着重描述他在汉语学习中注重积累的做法和利用一切资源学习汉语的学习策略。基于以上的案例,研究者对被试者的学习经历、个性以及学习者信念进行了探讨,并详细分析了三位被试者在听说读写各个方面所采用的汉语学习策略。基于以上分析,本研究分别对学习者和教师提出的建议。首先,现行教材应朝着更加贴进生活与时俱进的方向改进,教师应加强对学生学习策略的引导和培训,针对学生特点帮助其选择适合自身的学习策略。学生不应盲从所谓的优秀学习策略,而应从自身特点出发,选择行之有效的学习策略。最后,研究者总结了此研究的不足之处并提出改进方法。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• 摘要
• Abstract
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Origins of the research
• 1.2 Statement of the researching questions
• 1.3 Significance of the research
• 1.4 Overview of the thesis
• Chapter 2 Literature Review
• 2.1 Definition of learning strategies
• 2.2 The characteristics of learning strategies
• 2.3 Classification of learning strategies
• 2.4 Selective literature review on language learning strategies
• 2.4.1 Review of research on language learning strategies abroad
• 2.4.2 Review of domestic research on foreign language learning strategies
• 2.4.3 Review of domestic research on Chinese learning strategies in TCFL
• 2.5 Comments on the selective review of research on learning strategies
• Chapter 3 Methodology
• 3.1 Choosing case study
• 3.2 The participants
• 3.3 Data collection
• 3.4 Data analysis
• 3.5 Trustworthiness strategies
• 3.6 Ethical considerations
• Chapter 4 The case of David
• 4.1 Family background
• 4.2 Chinese learning experience
• 4.3 Beliefs in flexible and efficient time arrangement of Chinese learning
• 4.4 Strong interest in learning Chinese language and culture:I fell in love with it
• 4.5 Chinese learning strategies
• 4.5.1 Chinese character learning strategies:Learning the origins of the characters
• 4.5.2 Grammar learning strategies:Sense is important
• 4.5.3 Listening learning strategies:The best way is watching T.V
• 4.5.4 Reading learning strategies:Enjoying the process of reading
• Chapter 5 The case of Linlin
• 5.1 A lucky Chinese language learner
• 5.2 Direct motivation in learning Chinese:I want to be a businessman
• 5.3 Chinese learning strategies
• 5.3.1 Chinese character learning strategies:Character cards work well
• 5.3.2 Listening ability improving strategies:Making progress in dilemmas
• 5.3.3 Grammar learning strategies:Exercise is necessary
• 5.3.4 Writing abilities improving strategies: Constant correcting is effective
• Chapter 6 The case of Aonica
• 6.1 Family background
• 6.2 Chinese learning experience
• 6.3 Chinese learning strategies
• 6.3.1 Character memorizing strategies: Writing is a simple but effective way
• 6.3.2 Listening and speaking ability improving strategies:Socializing with local people
• 6.3.3 Grammar learning strategies:Constant generalizing works well
• Chapter 7 Integration,interpretation and implications
• 7.1 Cross-case analysis
• 7.1.1 On learning experience
• 7.1.2 On personalities
• 7.1.3 On learner beliefs
• 7.1.4 On learning strategies
• 7.1.4.1 Character memorizing strategies
• 7.1.4.2 Grammar learning strategies
• 7.1.4.3 Listening and speaking ability improving strategies
• 7.1.4.4 Reading ability improving strategies
• 7.1.4.5 Affective strategies
• 7.2 Implications and suggestions
• 7.2.1 For teachers
• 7.2.2 For students
• 7.3 Limitations and recommendations
• Reference
• Appendix ⅠThe field notes（Excerpts）
• Appendix Ⅱ The interview questions(Excerpts