解构主义视角下原文与译文的关系初探

论文摘要

原文与译文的关系是翻译研究中不可避免的话题之一。中西方传统翻译研究是以原语为导向的,不管是语文学派的翻译思想还是语言学派的译学理论,均认为原文、原作者是绝对权威,其地位是高高在上,神圣不可侵犯的;译文只能附属于原文,译者是原作者的“仆人”,是“隐形人”。现代翻译研究派则认为翻译是对原文的“操控”和“改写”,研究方向从而向目的语倾斜,大大提高了译文和译者的地位。译者的主体性也得以彰显。到了后现代,罗兰·巴尔特和米歇尔·福柯等哲学家对原文及作者的权威性提出了质疑。以雅克·德里达为代表的解构主义者对西方传统逻各斯中心主义进行解构,借鉴沃尔特·本雅明在《译者的任务》一文中的翻译思想,打破了传统原文与译文的二元对立,认为译文是原文的“再生”,二者是互补“共生”关系。本文对解构主义译学理论的这一见解进行了深入的探讨,追溯原文与译文关系嬗变的哲学根源,并在此基础上对解构主义译学理论进行了全面、客观的评价。论文前两章分别回顾了原语中心论和译语中心论中原文与译文的关系。第三章详细阐述了解构主义对原文和译文关系的界定。第四章探讨二者关系嬗变背后的哲学根源及语言观基础。第五章则通过莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》三个中文译本的比较研究,以实例来论证德里达意义不确定论、原文与译文互补“共生”思想的合理性。论文最后一章就解构主义翻译思想对翻译研究的利弊进行了全面、客观的分析,指出建立翻译伦理学的必要性和紧迫性,并对此提出了一些建设性的意见。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 摘要
• Introduction
• 01 Research Background
• 02 Research Significance and Possible Contributions
• 03 Structure of the Thesis
• Chapter One A Brief Review of Source-oriented Translation Theories---the Subordination of the Target Text to the Source Text
• 1.1 Translation as an Imitation of the Source Text—the Main Ideas of the Philological School of Translation Research
• 1.2 The Concept of Equivalence Proposed by the Linguistic School of Translation Research
• 1.3 Traditional Chinese Translation Theories Based on the Concept of "Faithfulness"
• Chapter Two Target-oriented Translation Theories—the Elevation of the Status of the Target Text
• 2.1 The Shift of translation Research from the Source-oriented Perspective to the Target-oriented Perspective
• 2.2 Translation as Rewriting---the Manipulation of the Source Text
• 2.3 The Shift of Translation Research from Source-centeredness to centeredness Goes to Another Extreme
• Chapter Three The Relationship between the Source Text and the Target Text from the Perspective of Deconstruction—Symbiotic Relationship
• 3.1 "The Death of the Author" in the Context of Postmodernism—Deconstructing the Authority of the Author and the Source Text
• 3.2 Walter Benjamin's Understanding of the Relationship between the Source Text and the Target Text—the Metaphor of the Fragments of a Vessel
• 3.3 The Relationship between the Source Text and the Target Text from the Perspective of Deconstruction
• 3.3.1 Jacques Derrida and His Neologism Différance
• 3.3.2 Jacques Derrida's Redefinition of Translation
• 3.3.3 Jacques Derrida's Meditation on the Original/Translation Relationship
• Chapter Four An Investigation of the Philosophical Roots and Concepts of Language for the Shifts of the Relations between the Source Text and the Target Text
• 4.1 The Philosophical Basis and Concept of Language for Source-oriented Translation Theories
• 4.2 The Philosophical Basis and Concept of Language for Target-oriented Translation Theories
• 4.3 Philosophy of Deconstruction:Deconstructing Western Logocentrism—Unmaking the Binary Opposition of the Source Text and the Target Text
• Chapter Five A Case Study of Some Chinese Versions of William Shakespeare's Hamlet from the Perspective of Deconstruction
• 5.1 A Brief Introduction to the Textual Characteristics of Hamlet and Its Translation in Chinese
• 5.2 Case Studies of Three Chinese Versions of Hamlet—the "Symbiotic Relationship" of the Original and the Translation
• 5.3 The Significance of the Argument about the Relationship between the Source Text and the Target Text Proposed by Deconstructionists for Translation Studies
• Chapter Six An Evaluation of Deconstructive Approach to Translation Studies
• 6.1 Some Misunderstandings of Chinese Scholars about Deconstructive Approach to Translation Studies
• 6.2 The Implications of Deconstruction for Translation Studies
• 6.3 The Limitations of Deconstruction and Its Possible Negative Impacts on Translation
• 6.4 The Establishment of an Ethics of Translation—the Integration of Ethics into Translation Studies
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgments