论文题目: 新闻报导中语法隐喻的系统认知研究
论文类型: 博士论文
论文专业: 英语语言文学
作者: 高明强
导师: 朱永生
关键词: 隐喻,语法隐喻,认知,系统功能语法,新闻报导,阐释分类号
文献来源: 复旦大学
发表年度: 2005
论文摘要: 言语交际是阐释物质和心理世界的主要工具。语言符号的使用是人类发展历史中的重要里程碑。语言与思维的关系历来是学术界诸如哲学、社会学、心理学和语言学界等争论的热点问题。近几十年来,认知科学和功能语言学的飞速发展为这个问题提供了新的切入点,带来了新的答案。作为人类阐释自然和社会经历的一种重要方式,隐喻现象自古希腊以来一直受到专家学者的关注。不同学者采用不同的研究途径:有的学者则认为隐喻现象只是众多的修辞手段之一;有的学者认为隐喻是一种认知现象;有的学者认为隐喻是一种语法现象。但是隐喻现象与意义潜势的关系,以及语法隐喻现象与一致式在体现语义的动态对应方面,却没有引起学术界的足够重视。本文将通过整合认知科学与语言的语法系统来研究隐喻,目的在于构建一个通过语法隐喻来阐释现实世界的框架体系,该体系既符合关于隐喻的标准,又与相关学科(如认知科学和语言学)的隐喻论述相契合。本文认为,对隐喻的研究不能停留在理论层面上,而应通过分析语篇将实践与理论结合起来。与其它体裁的语篇相比,新闻报导具有生动、鲜明等特点,而且与生活密切相关,具有代表性。因此,本文中的例证全部取自新闻报导。本文认为,语法隐喻是新闻报导中语义生成和解读的重要方式,语法隐喻在语义潜势的认知处理和词汇语法构建过程中发挥了重要作用。 全文共分为六章。第一章首先简要回顾了隐喻研究的历史,然后介绍了隐喻研究的现状、相关学科、理论及研究目标,将隐喻界定为动态的认知框架下的语言系统中的重要语义体现手段。本文认为,在新闻报导语篇中,语法隐喻方式的运用一方面带来了语言表达方式上的新变化,为交际参与者提供了一些信息,使他们意识到某些旧的表达方式和认知图式已经被新的方式和图式所取代。这大幅度提高了新闻报导的可读性和信息密度。另一方面,新闻报导中语义潜势的语法隐喻体现方式与情景语境和语言语境密切相关,而且这种与一致式相对的语法隐喻方式的选择关系到语言在三大纯理功能系统中的选择。本文所采用的系统认知模式强调新闻报导中语法隐喻的动态特征,因为任何语篇的构建和解读都是实时的认知处理和词汇语法层选择的结果,而选择的过程无疑
论文目录:
Acknowledgements
Figures and tables
Abstract (English)
Abstract (Chinese)
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Definitions of metaphor
1.3 A systemic-cognitive perspective on Grammatical metaphor in news report
1.3.1 Grammatical metaphor and context as a system
1.3.2 A metaphor on grammatical level
1.3.3 Dynamics of grammatical metaphor
1.4 Summary
Chapter 2 Interpretation of metaphor and grammatical metaphor
2.1 Historical background
2.1.1 Aristotle on metaphor
2.1.2 Substitution theory and comparison theory
2.1.3 Interaction theory
2.2 Recent developments of metaphor theories
2.2.1 Cognitive theories of metaphor
2.2.2 Systemic-functional approach to grammatical metaphor
2.2.2.1 Experiential and logical metaphor
2.2.2.2 Interpersonal metaphor
2.2.2.3 Textual metaphor
2.2.2.4 Grammatical metaphor as interrelated system in context
2.3 A dynamic approach to grammatical metaphor in news reporting: summary
2.3.1 Scope of grammatical metaphor
2.3.2 linguistic perspective of grammatical metaphor
2.3.3 Grammatical metaphor in thought
2.3.4 Systemic grammatical metaphor
2.4 Summary
Chapter 3 News Reporting as Discourse
3.1 News reporting as communication
3.2 Approaches to news reporting
3.2.1 Linguistic and sociolinguistic analysis
3.2.2 Conversational analysis
3.2.3 Semiotic analysis
3.2.4 Critical linguistics and sociosemiotics
3.2.5 Van Dijk's social-cognitive model
3.2.6 Critical approach to news reporting
3.3 News reporting as structure and process
3.3.1 News production as choice process of source information
3.3.1.1 Interpretation of news gathering processes
3.3.1.2 Cognitive processing of news reporting
3.3.1.3 Social context and discourse processing
3.3.2 News reporting as a dynamic structure
3.4 Towards a systemic-cognitive analysis to news reporting
3.5 Summary
Chapter 4 Grammatical Metaphor in News Reporting as Meaning Representation
4.1 Clause as the foundation of study
4.1.1 Systemic-functional perspective
4.1.2 Cognitive linguists' viewpoint
4.1.3 The functional organization of clause
4.2 Grammatical metaphor as alternative to meaning representation
4.2.1 Types of process in English and constituent elements
4.2.2 Ergativity and grammatical metaphor
4.3 Difficulties with the systemic-functional view of grammatical Metaphor from a cognitive perspective
4.3.1 The problem of scope: where a metaphorical meaning begins and ends
4.3.2 The problematic nature of a congruent meaning
4.3.3 Congruent language and the problem of literality
4.3.4 Congruent language as the representation of the physical experience in which abstract thought is conceptualised
4.3.5 Grammatical metaphor as the product of a conceptual hierarchy: Process as actor
4.4 Systemic-cognitive interpretation of grammatical metaphor in news reporting as representation
4.4.1 Instructional semantics
4.4.2 Faith or fake: grammatical metaphor as an inclination for subjectification in news reporting
4.4.3 Context dependency
4.5 Bridging the gap: a systemic-cognitive framework to experiential metaphor
4.6 Nominalization in transitivity system
4.6.1 Nominalization as ideational metaphor
4.6.2 Nominalization in news reporting as message
4.7 Summary
Chapter 5 Grammatical Metaphor in News Reporting as Exchange and Information
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Interpersonal metaphors in news reporting
5.2.1 Modality and grammatical metaphor
5.2.1.1 Definitions of modality
5.2.1.2 Grammatical metaphor of modality
5.2.1.3 Grammatical metaphor of mood
5.2.2 Cognition and interpersonal metaphor
5.3 Textual metaphor in news reporting
5.3.1 Theme and Rheme versus Given and New information
5.3.2 Cognition and metaphorical construal of message
5.3.3 Generic metaphor
5.4 Summary
Chapter 6 Conclusion
Bibliography
发布时间: 2005-09-19
参考文献
- [1].汉英错位修饰现象语法隐喻研究[D]. 丛迎旭.上海外国语大学2013
- [2].语法隐喻的认知与功能研究[D]. 毛凡宇.上海外国语大学2011