本文主要研究内容
作者李薇茹(2019)在《芹菜粉的制备和多酚的纯化及活性研究》一文中研究指出:芹菜(Apium grauveolens L.)是我国日常食用的蔬菜种类之一,主要分为水芹和旱芹,风味独特、营养丰富。芹菜不仅富含蛋白质、碳水化合物、膳食纤维、脂类以及矿物质钙、铁、磷等,还含有多种生物活性成分,如芹菜素及其糖苷、芦丁及其糖苷、槲皮素及其糖苷、山奈酚、水蓼素、木犀草素等黄酮类化合物以及咖啡酸、绿原酸、鞣质、黄烷醇及其衍生物等多酚类化合物。现代科学研究表明,芹菜具有抗癌、增强免疫力、抑菌、杀虫、抑制酶活、抗氧化、抗凝血、降血压、降血脂、降血糖、清热解毒、抗心律失常、抗肝炎、抗过敏等功效。目前,芹菜一般以直接鲜食为主,加工利用率较低。由于芹菜的含水量高达90%以上,采摘后常温下的保藏期只有1~2天,5°C冷藏条件下仅能储藏3天左右,极易腐烂变质,不利于长期保存和食品工业化生产。因此,为了更好地满足消费者的需求,尽可能多地保持芹菜原有的色、香、味、营养成分和功能特性,便于长期保存、运输以及作为功能性食品配料进行应用,本文通过研究不同干燥方式对芹菜品质的影响,应用喷雾干燥技术制备芹菜粉,探究芹菜粉的益菌活性及増菌机理,并采用大孔树脂吸附法分离纯化芹菜多酚,探讨芹菜多酚清除亚硝酸钠的效果及作用机理,对提高芹菜深加工技术水平和资源综合利用具有重要的意义。1.为探讨不同干燥方式对水芹品质的影响,优选水芹干燥模式,应用喷雾干燥、真空冷冻干燥和热风干燥对鲜水芹进行处理,研究三种干燥方式对水芹粉营养成分和物理特性的影响以及干燥过程能量消耗的比较。结果表明:不同干燥方式下水芹粉的水分、灰分、蛋白质、还原糖等基本成分的含量差异显著,喷雾干燥的水芹粉中黄酮和多酚类化合物的含量分别为(9.91±0.24)mg/g、(20.68±0.48)mg/g,显著高于其他两种干燥方式;真空冷冻干燥水芹粉的复水比大于喷雾干燥、热风干燥的水芹粉,但喷雾干燥水芹粉的溶解度更大;水芹粉在三种干燥过程能耗的大小顺序依次是:热风干燥<喷雾干燥<真空冷冻干燥。综合比较,确定喷雾干燥作为水芹粉的加工方式。2.采用固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术(SPME-GC-MS)对鲜水芹、喷雾干燥、真空冷冻干燥和热风干燥的水芹粉进行挥发性风味成分分析,分别鉴定出50、41、51和40种挥发性成分,且均以萜烯类化合物为主。其中,鲜水芹的特征风味物质为右旋萜二烯、萜品烯和β-蒎烯,喷雾干燥水芹粉的特征风味物质为1-石竹烯、δ-杜松烯和α-香柠檬烯,真空冷冻干燥水芹粉的特征风味物质为右旋萜二烯、萜品烯和环氧石竹烯,热风干燥水芹粉的特征风味物质为1-石竹烯、δ-杜松烯和环氧石竹烯。3.对植物乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌和乳双歧杆菌应用厌氧培养法,以2%接种量分别在添加水芹粉的乳酸菌培养基中培养48 h,研究喷雾干燥的水芹粉对四种乳酸菌生长情况的影响。结果表明,与未添加水芹粉的MRS培养基相比,将四种乳酸菌分别接入添加三种干燥方式水芹粉的MRS培养基中,48 h后,pH值均降低。与未添加水芹粉的MRS培养基相比,添加不同干燥方式水芹粉的MRS培养基对四种乳酸菌均具有显著的增殖效果;与添加真空冷冻干燥水芹粉的MRS培养基相比,添加喷雾干燥水芹粉的MRS培养基的增殖差异不显著;与添加热风干燥水芹粉的MRS培养基相比,添加喷雾干燥水芹粉的MRS培养基对植物乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌的增殖差异不显著,但对乳双歧杆菌的增殖差异显著。因此,喷雾干燥的水芹粉对四种乳酸菌的生长具有促进作用,增殖数分别为2.79、1.63、2.11、2.15(lg CFU/mL),其中对植物乳杆菌的增殖效果最好,为乳酸菌增菌因子和功能性食品的研究提供理论依据。4.以植物乳杆菌为研究对象,采用紫外-可见分光光度法检测植物乳杆菌培养液中还原糖残留量、乳酸生成量以及乳酸脱氢酶、丙酮酸脱氢酶活性的变化,探讨喷雾干燥的水芹粉对植物乳杆菌的増菌机理。结果显示,与未添加水芹粉的MRS培养基相比,添加水芹粉的MRS培养基中还原糖含量明显减少,乳酸含量明显增加;另外,水芹粉可以增加植物乳杆菌培养过程中乳酸脱氢酶和丙酮酸脱氢酶的活性,分别提高了1.41倍和1.66倍。表明水芹粉对植物乳杆菌的增殖作用一方面是增加了其生长所需的营养物质,另一方面提高了乳酸菌能量代谢过程中关键酶的活性。水芹粉可以提高植物乳杆菌对碳源的利用率,增强植物乳杆菌生长繁殖过程中所需的能源。5.为了进一步获得芹菜多酚的纯化物,采用大孔树脂吸附法对芹菜中的多酚类粗提物进行了提取纯化研究。通过紫外-可见分光光度法测定吸附时间和芹菜多酚浓度对大孔树脂吸附量的影响,探讨HPD-600大孔树脂对芹菜多酚的静态吸附动力学和等温吸附热力学,得出该过程符合准二级动力学模型,该吸附属于单分子层吸附。应用紫外-可见分光光度法、傅里叶变换红外光谱分析和高效液相色谱-质谱联用法(HPLC-MS)鉴定出芹菜多酚的主要组分为葡萄糖基芹菜素和刺槐素-7-O-芦丁糖苷。6.通过在体外模拟胃液条件下,研究芹菜多酚纯化物的添加量对亚硝酸钠的清除作用,获得0.1400 g芹菜多酚对亚硝酸钠的清除率达80.85%,清除效果较好;对芹菜多酚清除亚硝酸钠的动力学模型进行拟合,结果表明,芹菜多酚与亚硝酸钠的清除作用规律符合零级反应模型;采用HPLC-MS法对芹菜多酚清除亚硝酸钠的作用机理进行探讨,表明芹菜多酚与亚硝酸钠的反应机理可能与多酚上的酚羟基结构被亚硝基取代有关。
Abstract
qin cai (Apium grauveolens L.)shi wo guo ri chang shi yong de shu cai chong lei zhi yi ,zhu yao fen wei shui qin he han qin ,feng wei du te 、ying yang feng fu 。qin cai bu jin fu han dan bai zhi 、tan shui hua ge wu 、shan shi qian wei 、zhi lei yi ji kuang wu zhi gai 、tie 、lin deng ,hai han you duo chong sheng wu huo xing cheng fen ,ru qin cai su ji ji tang gan 、lu ding ji ji tang gan 、hu pi su ji ji tang gan 、shan nai fen 、shui liao su 、mu xi cao su deng huang tong lei hua ge wu yi ji ga fei suan 、lu yuan suan 、rou zhi 、huang wan chun ji ji yan sheng wu deng duo fen lei hua ge wu 。xian dai ke xue yan jiu biao ming ,qin cai ju you kang ai 、zeng jiang mian yi li 、yi jun 、sha chong 、yi zhi mei huo 、kang yang hua 、kang ning xie 、jiang xie ya 、jiang xie zhi 、jiang xie tang 、qing re jie du 、kang xin lv shi chang 、kang gan yan 、kang guo min deng gong xiao 。mu qian ,qin cai yi ban yi zhi jie xian shi wei zhu ,jia gong li yong lv jiao di 。you yu qin cai de han shui liang gao da 90%yi shang ,cai zhai hou chang wen xia de bao cang ji zhi you 1~2tian ,5°Cleng cang tiao jian xia jin neng chu cang 3tian zuo you ,ji yi fu lan bian zhi ,bu li yu chang ji bao cun he shi pin gong ye hua sheng chan 。yin ci ,wei le geng hao de man zu xiao fei zhe de xu qiu ,jin ke neng duo de bao chi qin cai yuan you de se 、xiang 、wei 、ying yang cheng fen he gong neng te xing ,bian yu chang ji bao cun 、yun shu yi ji zuo wei gong neng xing shi pin pei liao jin hang ying yong ,ben wen tong guo yan jiu bu tong gan zao fang shi dui qin cai pin zhi de ying xiang ,ying yong pen wu gan zao ji shu zhi bei qin cai fen ,tan jiu qin cai fen de yi jun huo xing ji zeng jun ji li ,bing cai yong da kong shu zhi xi fu fa fen li chun hua qin cai duo fen ,tan tao qin cai duo fen qing chu ya xiao suan na de xiao guo ji zuo yong ji li ,dui di gao qin cai shen jia gong ji shu shui ping he zi yuan zeng ge li yong ju you chong yao de yi yi 。1.wei tan tao bu tong gan zao fang shi dui shui qin pin zhi de ying xiang ,you shua shui qin gan zao mo shi ,ying yong pen wu gan zao 、zhen kong leng dong gan zao he re feng gan zao dui xian shui qin jin hang chu li ,yan jiu san chong gan zao fang shi dui shui qin fen ying yang cheng fen he wu li te xing de ying xiang yi ji gan zao guo cheng neng liang xiao hao de bi jiao 。jie guo biao ming :bu tong gan zao fang shi xia shui qin fen de shui fen 、hui fen 、dan bai zhi 、hai yuan tang deng ji ben cheng fen de han liang cha yi xian zhe ,pen wu gan zao de shui qin fen zhong huang tong he duo fen lei hua ge wu de han liang fen bie wei (9.91±0.24)mg/g、(20.68±0.48)mg/g,xian zhe gao yu ji ta liang chong gan zao fang shi ;zhen kong leng dong gan zao shui qin fen de fu shui bi da yu pen wu gan zao 、re feng gan zao de shui qin fen ,dan pen wu gan zao shui qin fen de rong jie du geng da ;shui qin fen zai san chong gan zao guo cheng neng hao de da xiao shun xu yi ci shi :re feng gan zao <pen wu gan zao <zhen kong leng dong gan zao 。zeng ge bi jiao ,que ding pen wu gan zao zuo wei shui qin fen de jia gong fang shi 。2.cai yong gu xiang wei cui qu -qi xiang se pu -zhi pu lian yong ji shu (SPME-GC-MS)dui xian shui qin 、pen wu gan zao 、zhen kong leng dong gan zao he re feng gan zao de shui qin fen jin hang hui fa xing feng wei cheng fen fen xi ,fen bie jian ding chu 50、41、51he 40chong hui fa xing cheng fen ,ju jun yi tie xi lei hua ge wu wei zhu 。ji zhong ,xian shui qin de te zheng feng wei wu zhi wei you xuan tie er xi 、tie pin xi he β-pai xi ,pen wu gan zao shui qin fen de te zheng feng wei wu zhi wei 1-dan zhu xi 、δ-du song xi he α-xiang ning meng xi ,zhen kong leng dong gan zao shui qin fen de te zheng feng wei wu zhi wei you xuan tie er xi 、tie pin xi he huan yang dan zhu xi ,re feng gan zao shui qin fen de te zheng feng wei wu zhi wei 1-dan zhu xi 、δ-du song xi he huan yang dan zhu xi 。3.dui zhi wu ru gan jun 、shu li tang ru gan jun 、shi suan ru gan jun he ru shuang qi gan jun ying yong ya yang pei yang fa ,yi 2%jie chong liang fen bie zai tian jia shui qin fen de ru suan jun pei yang ji zhong pei yang 48 h,yan jiu pen wu gan zao de shui qin fen dui si chong ru suan jun sheng chang qing kuang de ying xiang 。jie guo biao ming ,yu wei tian jia shui qin fen de MRSpei yang ji xiang bi ,jiang si chong ru suan jun fen bie jie ru tian jia san chong gan zao fang shi shui qin fen de MRSpei yang ji zhong ,48 hhou ,pHzhi jun jiang di 。yu wei tian jia shui qin fen de MRSpei yang ji xiang bi ,tian jia bu tong gan zao fang shi shui qin fen de MRSpei yang ji dui si chong ru suan jun jun ju you xian zhe de zeng shi xiao guo ;yu tian jia zhen kong leng dong gan zao shui qin fen de MRSpei yang ji xiang bi ,tian jia pen wu gan zao shui qin fen de MRSpei yang ji de zeng shi cha yi bu xian zhe ;yu tian jia re feng gan zao shui qin fen de MRSpei yang ji xiang bi ,tian jia pen wu gan zao shui qin fen de MRSpei yang ji dui zhi wu ru gan jun 、shu li tang ru gan jun he shi suan ru gan jun de zeng shi cha yi bu xian zhe ,dan dui ru shuang qi gan jun de zeng shi cha yi xian zhe 。yin ci ,pen wu gan zao de shui qin fen dui si chong ru suan jun de sheng chang ju you cu jin zuo yong ,zeng shi shu fen bie wei 2.79、1.63、2.11、2.15(lg CFU/mL),ji zhong dui zhi wu ru gan jun de zeng shi xiao guo zui hao ,wei ru suan jun zeng jun yin zi he gong neng xing shi pin de yan jiu di gong li lun yi ju 。4.yi zhi wu ru gan jun wei yan jiu dui xiang ,cai yong zi wai -ke jian fen guang guang du fa jian ce zhi wu ru gan jun pei yang ye zhong hai yuan tang can liu liang 、ru suan sheng cheng liang yi ji ru suan tuo qing mei 、bing tong suan tuo qing mei huo xing de bian hua ,tan tao pen wu gan zao de shui qin fen dui zhi wu ru gan jun de zeng jun ji li 。jie guo xian shi ,yu wei tian jia shui qin fen de MRSpei yang ji xiang bi ,tian jia shui qin fen de MRSpei yang ji zhong hai yuan tang han liang ming xian jian shao ,ru suan han liang ming xian zeng jia ;ling wai ,shui qin fen ke yi zeng jia zhi wu ru gan jun pei yang guo cheng zhong ru suan tuo qing mei he bing tong suan tuo qing mei de huo xing ,fen bie di gao le 1.41bei he 1.66bei 。biao ming shui qin fen dui zhi wu ru gan jun de zeng shi zuo yong yi fang mian shi zeng jia le ji sheng chang suo xu de ying yang wu zhi ,ling yi fang mian di gao le ru suan jun neng liang dai xie guo cheng zhong guan jian mei de huo xing 。shui qin fen ke yi di gao zhi wu ru gan jun dui tan yuan de li yong lv ,zeng jiang zhi wu ru gan jun sheng chang fan shi guo cheng zhong suo xu de neng yuan 。5.wei le jin yi bu huo de qin cai duo fen de chun hua wu ,cai yong da kong shu zhi xi fu fa dui qin cai zhong de duo fen lei cu di wu jin hang le di qu chun hua yan jiu 。tong guo zi wai -ke jian fen guang guang du fa ce ding xi fu shi jian he qin cai duo fen nong du dui da kong shu zhi xi fu liang de ying xiang ,tan tao HPD-600da kong shu zhi dui qin cai duo fen de jing tai xi fu dong li xue he deng wen xi fu re li xue ,de chu gai guo cheng fu ge zhun er ji dong li xue mo xing ,gai xi fu shu yu chan fen zi ceng xi fu 。ying yong zi wai -ke jian fen guang guang du fa 、fu li xie bian huan gong wai guang pu fen xi he gao xiao ye xiang se pu -zhi pu lian yong fa (HPLC-MS)jian ding chu qin cai duo fen de zhu yao zu fen wei pu tao tang ji qin cai su he ci huai su -7-O-lu ding tang gan 。6.tong guo zai ti wai mo ni wei ye tiao jian xia ,yan jiu qin cai duo fen chun hua wu de tian jia liang dui ya xiao suan na de qing chu zuo yong ,huo de 0.1400 gqin cai duo fen dui ya xiao suan na de qing chu lv da 80.85%,qing chu xiao guo jiao hao ;dui qin cai duo fen qing chu ya xiao suan na de dong li xue mo xing jin hang ni ge ,jie guo biao ming ,qin cai duo fen yu ya xiao suan na de qing chu zuo yong gui lv fu ge ling ji fan ying mo xing ;cai yong HPLC-MSfa dui qin cai duo fen qing chu ya xiao suan na de zuo yong ji li jin hang tan tao ,biao ming qin cai duo fen yu ya xiao suan na de fan ying ji li ke neng yu duo fen shang de fen qiang ji jie gou bei ya xiao ji qu dai you guan 。
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论文作者分别是来自吉林大学的李薇茹,发表于刊物吉林大学2019-06-25论文,是一篇关于芹菜粉论文,多酚论文,纯化论文,鉴定论文,活性论文,乳酸菌论文,植物乳杆菌论文,亚硝酸钠论文,吉林大学2019-06-25论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用,各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载,文章观点不代表本站观点,资料来自吉林大学2019-06-25论文网站,若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请联系我们删除。
标签:芹菜粉论文; 多酚论文; 纯化论文; 鉴定论文; 活性论文; 乳酸菌论文; 植物乳杆菌论文; 亚硝酸钠论文; 吉林大学2019-06-25论文;