英语中动构式的认知研究

论文摘要

英语中动构式因其句法结构和语义特征之间的复杂关系,已经成为语言学界一个炙手可热的话题。英语中动构式的本质特征包括:句法形式上表现为主动,语义层面上具有被动的解读。从句法上讲,它的主语是中动词的域内论元,动词通常携带副词的修饰成分。从语义上讲,英语中动构式具有非事件性,类属性,情态性特征,入句的成分在语义上受到一定的限制。对于这些基本的特征,语言学界已经达成了广泛的共识。但在涉及英语中动构式的形成问题上,众说纷纭。大多数研究者主要从生成语言学视角对其生成机制展开研究,大致分为两大阵营:句法说和词汇说。也有一些学者试图从认知语言学的角度对其进行研究。本文试图以Goldberg倡导的构块语法为理论框架,采用“自上而下”和“自下而上”的研究方法对英语中动构式进行研究,并用语法化解释了英语中动构式形成的动因。本文认为英语中动构式是一个独立的构式,具有自己独立的构式意义。英语中动构式的意义不是单一词汇意义的叠加或从已有构式推导得来的,它的构式意义是该构式自身意义和各组成成分整合的结果。当中动词进入英语中动构式时,该动词与该构式之间形成一种动态的方式关系:中动词不能确定英语中动构式的意思,却传递了达到该构式所表达状态的方式方法。英语中动构式又会对中动词进行语义限制,这样一来,中动词就会增加或减少一定的语义特征,使其获得进入英语中动构式的条件。此外,受事主语也对其构式意义起到了一定的作用。在探讨英语中动构式的形成机制问题上,本文认为,和其它构式一样,英语中动构式是事物之间常规关系在语言中的投影,是相关语义、语用因素语法化的结果。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Chapter 1 An Introduction to English Middle Construction
• 1.1 Definition of English Middle Construction
• 1.2 Basic Features of English Middle Construction
• 1.2.1 Semantic Features of English Middle Construction
• 1.2.1.1 Non-eventivity
• 1.2.1.2 Modality
• 1.2.1.3 Agentivity
• 1.2.2 Syntactic Features of English Middle Construction
• 1.2.2.1 Adverbial Modification
• 1.2.2.2 Subject Raising
• Chapter 2 Previous Studies on English Middle Construction
• 2.1 Generative Study on English Middle Construction
• 2.2 Cognitive Study on English Middle Construction
• Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework
• 3.1 Construction Grammar
• 3.1.1 Tenets of Construction Grammar
• 3.1.2 Nature of Verb Meaning
• 3.1.3 Nature of Constructional Meaning
• 3.1.4 Interaction between Verbs and Constructions
• 3.2.Grammaticalization
• 3.2.1 Definition of Grammaticalization
• 3.2.2 Motivation of Grammaticalization
• Chapter 4 Construction Grammar-based Account of English Middle Construction
• 4.1 English Middle Construction as an Independent Construction
• 4.1.1 Conflicts between the Inherent Semantics of Middle Verbs and the Constructional Interpretation
• 4.1.2 Non-derivational Characteristics of English Middle Construction
• 4.2 Meaning of English Middle Construction
• 4.2.1.Interaction between Middle Verbs and English Middle Construction
• 4.2.1.1 Relation between Middle Verbs and English Middle Construction
• 4.2.1.2 Integration between the Participant Roles of Middle Verbs and the Argument Roles of English Middle Construction
• 4.2.2 Responsibility of the Argument Roles in English Middle Construction
• 4.3 Formation of English Middle Construction
• 4.3.1 Grammaticalization of Middle Verbs
• 4.3.2 Grammaticalization of the Patient-subject
• Conclusion
• Notes
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements
• 攻读学位期间主要的研究成果目录