从文化差异视角谈动物习语的翻译

论文摘要

习语有着丰富的民族色彩,一国的习语,往往取材于这国生活环境中熟悉的事物。几个世纪以来,动物作为人类的朋友,在与人类长期相处过程中建立密切关系。人们借(动)物喻人,寓情于(动)物,来表达不同的人类情感和社会现象,从而形成了语言中一朵大放异彩的奇葩——动物习语。英汉两种语言皆有丰富的动物习语。然而由于东西方文化在经济发展、地理环境、文学影响、风俗习惯以及宗教信仰等方面的巨大差异,东西方人类对同一种动物有着迥异的看法,其联想的事物也截然不同,因而英汉动物习语各自所蕴涵的文化意义就存在差异。这种差异的表现既有文化冲突,又有文化区别,也有文化缺项。在英汉跨文化交际过程中,只有正确理解各个语种的文化内涵,才能正确翻译。美国翻译理论家尤金?奈达提出“功能对等”的翻译理论,如何确切的翻译动物习语的文化含义又能传达源语生动形象的结构,从而使得的语读者获得与源语读者相对等值的反应,给翻译工作出了一道难题。本文结合大量实例,旨在从文化差异角度分析两大语种在“动物习语”这一独具特色的语言现象上各自的特点、差异及其原因,并基于尤金?奈达的“功能对等”翻译理论,探讨几种翻译动物习语的技巧。针对不同的文化差异现象,灵活运用等值翻译,转换喻体翻译,直译,意译,直译与意译结合等翻译方法,使得的语在形式与内容上最大限度的保持与源语对等。

论文目录

• Acknowledgments
• 摘要
• Abstract
• Chapter I Introduction
• Chapter II Similarities and Discrepancies between English and Chinese Animal Idioms
• 2.1 Similarities between English and Chinese Animal Idioms
• 2.2 Discrepancies between English and Chinese Animal Idioms
• 2.2.1 Conflict of Cultural Meaning between English and Chinese Animal Idioms
• 2.2.2 Divergence of Cultural Meaning between English and Chinese Animal Idioms
• 2.2.3 Exclusiveness of Cultural Meaning between English and Chinese Animal Idioms---
• 2.2.3.1 Exclusiveness of Cultural Meaning of Animal Idioms in English
• 2.2.3.2 Exclusiveness of Cultural Meaning of Animal Idioms in Chinese
• Chapter III Analysis of the Causes of the Discrepancies between English and Chinese Animal Idioms
• 3.1 the Different Economic Development （Based on the Different Environment）
• 3.2 the Different Geographical Conditions
• 3.3 the Different Fable and Mythology
• 3.3.1 Fable and Mythology in English Animal Idioms
• 3.3.2 Fable and Mythology in Chinese Animal Idioms
• 3.4 the Influence of Literature
• 3.4.1 The Influence of Literal Works in English Animal Idioms
• 3.4.1.1 The Influence of William Shakespeare
• 3.4.1.2 The Influence of Other Literal Works in English Animal Idioms
• 3.4.2 The Influence of Literal Works in Chinese Animal Idioms
• 3.5 the Different Folk Customs and Social Practice
• 3.5.1 Folk Customs and Social Practice in Chinese Animal Idioms
• 3.5.2 Folk Customs and Social Practice in English Animal Idioms
• 3.6 the Influence of Different Religions
• 3.6.1 The Influence of Bible in English Animal Idioms
• 3.6.2 the Influence of Religions in Chinese Animal Idioms
• Chapter IV The Translation of Animal Idioms
• 5.1 Equivalent Translation
• 5.1.1 Idioms for Idioms Translation
• 5.1.2 Intercultural Translation
• 5.2 Idioms Changed Metaphors for Idioms Translation
• 5.3 Word-by-word Translation/ Literal Translation
• 5.4 Free Translation
• 5.5 Literal Translation Followed by Free Translation as Compensation
• Chapter V Conclusion
• Bibliography