论文摘要
四百年来,莎士比亚十四行诗之研究重点也经转向:从版本之考订、创作之年代、组诗排列之顺序和内容之自传性质等“外围”研究到诗歌之主题、意象、修辞、结构与格律等“本体”研究。然而,对于“外围”研究,莎学专家各持己见,尚无定论;对于“本体”研究多是从一首或多首莎诗来赏析其美,因而具有一定程度上的片面性,未能对莎诗之独特美学特征有整体的把握与欣赏。在前人研究成果的基础上,本文集合诗歌语言、诗歌意象、诗歌情感于一体,以文本细读、整体研究和分类研究为研究方法对莎士比亚十四行诗进行整体研究与发掘,发现了其整体美学特征“张力”并在一定程度上达到了对莎诗美学特征的宏观整体把握。本文共分为五部分,引言部分主要介绍了莎士比亚十四行诗研究现状、结合国内外研究成果界定了“张力”、提出了研究方法与目的;结论部分主要指出了研究的不足如分类不够细致、讨论尚待深入。本文主体分为三章,分别从诗歌语言、诗歌意象与诗歌情感来挖掘其张力美学特征。第一章从莎诗独特的措辞方式与交错的音响安排来发掘其诗歌语言中所孕育的巨大张力。在单首诗歌及整个诗集内,不但动态词义流转反复而且相反或相同词义叠加交错,这极大地彰显了诗歌语言的冲击力与辐射力;不拘的尾韵模式,多变的内韵组合,此消彼长的节奏体系,形成了流动的音乐空间。第二章从莎诗意象的对立组合与矛盾所指与来发掘其诗歌意象所孕育的巨大张力。从单首诗歌考察可见的多种意象对立模式与纵观整个诗集可见的两大意象对立模式建构了意象组合的张力;单首诗内的矛盾意象所指与整个诗集内核心意象的动态流转建构了意象矛盾所指的张力。意象对立模式与矛盾所指构成了一个交错的意象网络。第三章从莎诗中“说话者”所表达的强烈情感来发掘其蕴含的巨大情感张力。“说话者”所表达的异性爱、同性爱、自我爱恋,这三爱相互撞击,凸显爱之张力;“说话者”恨社会、恨爱友、恨女郎、恨诗敌、恨自己,这五恨各不相同,凸显恨之张力;“说话者”对爱友、女郎既爱又恨,这爱恨交织,将情感张力推到巅峰。综上所述,莎士比亚十四行诗整体上具有张力美学特征,折射了莎翁独具的诗学思想与美学追求。
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标签:莎士比亚十四行诗论文; 张力论文; 语言论文; 意象论文; 情感论文;