基于互文性的翻译质量评估模式 ——王家湘译本《小世界》分析

论文摘要

翻译批评对翻译研究来说非常重要,但同时也是一个难题。翻译学者为建立有效的翻译质量评价模式做出了很多尝试。如Julian House从功能语言学的角度建立了翻译质量评估模式；Katharina Reiss从语用和功能的角度提出了以文本类型为导向的评估模式,等等。由法国评论家、符号学家以及精神分析家克里斯蒂娃于20世纪70年代提出的互文性概念随着结构主义和后结构主义的兴起成为一个理论热点。这种解构了文本的固定意义,强调文本对于其前文本的依赖性的互文性概念为翻译质量评估提供了新的途径。在对译本的互文性进行重新分类的基础上,本文提出,基于互文性的翻译标准为：翻译文本是否实现了与原文及译入语语境的充分互文。因此,基于互文性的翻译质量评估可以从原文导向和译入语语境导向两个角度来进行。对原文导向的互文性评价包括原文导向的微观互文性评价以及原文导向的宏观互文评价；对译入语语境导向的互文性评价包括译入语语境导向的微观互文性评价以及译入语语境导向的宏观互文评价。然而,这四个方面的互文性评价对于翻译总的质量评估来说地位不一样。在进行整体评价时,可遵循两个原则：一是原文导向的微观互文性评价可以在很大程度上决定翻译的整体质量；二是原文导向的互文性评价的不充分可以被接受,如果这种不充分是为了更好地实现译入语语境的互文充分。为了验证这个评价模式的有效性,我们把这个模式用来评价王家湘所译的英国作家戴维·洛奇的作品《小世界》。在对王家湘的译本进行如上四个方面的互文评价后,我们总结了该译本的优点以及缺点。该译本的优点在于其原文导向的微观互文性非常充分,而这极大地提高了该译本的整体质量。该译本的缺点在于,其原文导向的宏观互文并不充分,而这种不充分不能得到译入语语境导向的宏观语境的支持。此外,我们就其缺点提出了一些的改进的建议。从对王家湘所译文本《小世界》进行互文性翻译质量评估的案例分析,我们认为：这个模式是有效的。其有效性在于它把在翻译过程中译者所面临的来自原文和译入语语境的两种不同力量的各种因素都归结到互文性的范畴中,而其具体的优先性取决于不同的翻译目的,这样极大地提高了评价的适用性和客观性。而该模式对于译本所涉及的互文性的明确划分使得这个模式在实际运用中具有很强的可操作性。这个模式同时也具有建设性,这体现在它能根据互文充分的实现途径提出克服译文缺点的建议。

论文目录

• Acknowledgements
• Abstract
• 内容摘要
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 Background of the Study
• 1.2 Objectives of the Study
• 1.3 Research Methodology
• 1.4 Significance of the Study
• 1.5 Layout of the Thesis
• Chapter Two Literature Review
• 2.1 An Introduction to Intertextuality:Origins and Developments
• 2.1.1 The origins of intertextuality:Saussure, Eliot and Bakhtin
• 2.1.2 Introduction and popularization of intertextuality:Kristeva and Barthes
• 2.1.3 The development of intertextuality:Derrida, Genette and Riffaterre
• 2.2 Translation Studies Based on Intertextuality
• 2.2.1 Hatim and Mason's framework for the analysis of intertextual reference
• 2.2.2 Neubert and Shreve's intertextual analysis of textual expectation
• 2.2.3 Qin Wenhua:another intertextual perspective of translation studies
• 2.3 Translation Quality Evaluation
• 2.3.1 House's model of translation quality assessment
• 2.3.2 Reiss's text typology
• Chapter Three Intertextuality and Translation Quality Assessment
• 3.1 Intertextual Relations Involved in a Translation Text
• 3.1.1 The transtextuality of a translation text
• 3.1.2 A classification of the intertextuality of a translation text
• 3.2 Intertextual Translation Criteria
• 3.2.1 The potentials of translation quality evaluation based on intertextuality
• 3.2.2 The translatability of intertextuality
• 3.2.3 Intertextual adequacy as a translation criterion
• 3.3 An Intertextuality-based Model of Translation Quality Evaluation
• 3.3.1 Source-oriented micro-intertextuality evaluation
• 3.3.2 Source-oriented macro-intertextuality evaluation
• 3.3.3 Target-oriented micro-intertextuality evaluation
• 3.3.4 Target-oriented macro-intertextuality evaluation
• 3.3.5 Principles of a comprehensive translation quality evaluation
• Chapter Four A Case Study of Wang Jiaxiang's Chinese Translation of Small World
• 4.1 A Brief Introduction to Lodge's Small World and Wang's Chinese Translation
• 4.2 The Intertextuality Evaluation of Wang's Translation
• 4.2.1 Source-oriented micro-intertextuality evaluation
• 4.2.2 Source-oriented macro-intertextuality evaluation
• 4.2.3 Target-oriented micro-intertextuality evaluation
• 4.2.4 Target-oriented macro-intertextuality evaluation
• 4.3 The Translation Quality Evaluation of Wang's Translation
• 4.3.1 The merits of Wang's translation
• 4.3.2 The demerits of Wang's translation
• 4.3.3 The possible suggestions for improvement
• Chapter Five Conclusion
• References