论文摘要
背景和目的伤害已经成为一个重要的公共卫生问题,无论在发达或发展中国家,伤害已成为引起死亡和病残的重要原因。伤害监测是伤害预防工作的首要步骤,伤害报告是伤害监测的基础工作,伤害监测的质量直接影响着报告的发布、伤害预防策略的制定和措施的有效实施等,为了有效提高伤害监测的质量,为政府及其相关部门提供更准确、全面的伤害资料,本研究通过在不同监测模式的医院或医院急诊室内进行伤害监测,根据世界卫生组织(WHO)制定的评估指南评价分析医院伤害监测质量,同时还制定了影响伤害监测质量因素的调查问卷,以便了解在不同医院或医院急诊室监测模式下影响伤害监测质量的因素,为评价伤害监测质量提供科学依据,进而为提高伤害监测质量、提出适合我国现有体制的监测模式与方法发挥重要作用。方法1.按照统一的伤害监测原则与程序,建立规范的医院伤害监测点。2.根据WHO推荐的伤害监测系统评估方法对伤害监测点进行评估,定期收集评估表,分析影响伤害监测质量的因素。3.制定伤害监测质量影响因素的调查问卷,按照统一方式进行调查,对收集的资料用FoxPro 8.0建立数据库,经复核数据库资料后,采用SPSS 13.0统计软件和DPS 9.5进行描述性统计、χ2检验和灰色关联分析,比较和分析不同模式伤害监测质量的主要影响因素。结果1.根据应用WHO推荐的伤害监测质量评价方法的评估结果得出:因医院监测模式和管理体制的限制,不同模式的填报者接受培训的比例和填报主动性不同;不同的伤害监测模式在伤害监测过程中都存在一定的问题,如:漏报或多报现象、报告卡填写不完整或者填报信息错误、回顾性偏倚、数据录入难度大等问题,上述问题都直接或间接的影响伤害监测质量。2.医院伤害监测质量影响因素的调查分析结果显示:(1)影响模式A伤害监测质量的前五位因素依次为:各组织间协调程度、督导作用、数据录入的难易程度、填报者对监测内容的理解程度、督导频率。(2)影响模式B伤害监测质量的前五位因素依次为:有无及时反馈问题、各组织间协调程度、数据录入的难易程度、督导频率、填报者对监测内容的理解程度。(3)影响模式C伤害监测质量的前五位因素依次为:各组织间协调程度、督导作用、数据录入的难易程度、有无及时反馈出现的问题、督导频率。(4)影响模式D伤害监测质量的前五位因素依次为:数据录入的难易程度、督导频率、经费到位情况、伤害患者对伤害问题的理解程度、填报者对监测内容的理解程度。结论1.在伤害监测过程中,不同的伤害监测模式都存在一定的问题,这些问题都直接或间接的影响伤害监测质量。2.不同影响因素对不同模式伤害监测质量的影响程度不同。各组织间协调程度、督导作用、数据录入的难易程度、填报者对监测内容的理解程度、督导频率、有无及时反馈问题、经费到位情况和伤害患者对伤害问题的理解程度为伤害监测的主要影响因素.因此,我们要针对不同模式伤害监测中存在的主要问题和影响伤害监测质量的主要因素,采取有效可行的措施,提高伤害监测质量,旨在为政府主管部门提供准确可靠的伤害监测资料。
论文目录
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