论文摘要
本论文介绍了同传过程中译员遇到的源出语输入和目标语输出间的矛盾;并通过探索和分析同传过程,提出资深译员为解决这个矛盾而采取的两项策略。为了给同传策略提供新视角,笔者从两个层面描述了同传过程的复杂性和受时间约束性强等特点:一是同传过程的有序连续性;一是从人类认知尤其是心理语言学的角度来看,同传过程具有多种任务同时执行的平行性。一般而言,同声传译过程可以分为:译前准备,讲话内容理解以及目标语输出三个阶段。其中,译前准备阶段涉及到译员的语言能力、语言外知识、与特定主题相关的知识以及译员的心理状态。本论文之所以把译前准备阶段作为同传过程的一个步骤,是因为译前准备是同传过程得以顺利进展的基本要素和首要条件。笔者基于对同传过程所作的分析,提出“影子跟读”与“视译练习”两种策略。“影子跟读”主要用于研究人们聆听讲话内容时的选择力;它还被界定为一种技巧,该技巧模仿同传过程中除了翻译之外的一切内容。视译练习长久以来就是同传培训的重要部分。世界各地的大部分同传培训计划都包括视译练习,并且大都占整个培训时间的很大一部分。本论文在介绍这些策略的同时,还强调“影子跟读”在讲话内容理解阶段的效果以及视译练习在输出阶段的效果。然而,同传的三个阶段之中的任何两阶段之间并没有明显的界限,因而这些效果可以从一个阶段延续至另一阶段。有一点是确定的,那就是借助这些策略的帮助,译员会顺利地解决源出语输入和目标语输出之间的矛盾,从而提高口译质量。笔者希望此研究会给同传培训提供一些见解,能在某种程度上为今后的相关实验的设计提供理论参考。
论文目录
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