跨文化商务沟通中的非语言语用失误

论文摘要

人们在交际过程中除语言形式外还伴随着体态语、副语言、环境语等非语言形式的交流。然而,非语言行为在不同的文化背景下所表示的含义不尽相同,跨文化交际中非语言交际的冲突尤其明显。本文结合文化学和认知语言学中的图式理论,分析了跨文化商务语境中的非语言语用失误现象,旨在理解非语言交际发生的复杂过程和原理的基础上,提出在商务实践中避免非语言语用失误的策略。研究表明人们在处理任何外界信息的时候都需要依据已有的图式对信息进行解释、预测、组织和吸收。当人们进入陌生的文化语境时,由于没有具备相关的图式或缺乏调动图式的能力未能正确表达自己意图或理解对方意图,从而出现种种语用失误,尤其是在非语言交流方面。大多数的非语言语用失误都是发生在潜意识或无意识的层面,只有当交际预期没有实现时人们才能意识到。文章提出非语言语用失误发生的表层原因是文化差异,文化图式的相对缺位则是更深层原因。因此,作者将文化顺应与图式理论相结合,通过对商务语境与其它跨文化语境交际的对比,明确了商务沟通中非语言因素的重要性,阐述了文化图式在非语言交际中的作用过程以及非语言语用失误产生的原因和后果,力图找到有效途径,克服非语言语用失误,达到成功的商务沟通。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 Research Purpose and Scope
• 1.2 Research Methods
• 1.3 Organization of the Research
• Chapter Two Literature Review
• 2.1 Business Communication in Intercultural Context
• 2.1.1 Communication and Culture
• 2.1.2 Understanding Intercultural Business Communication
• 2.1.3 Related Studies on Intercultural Business Communication
• 2.2 Nonverbal Communication
• 2.2.1 The Definition of Nonverbal Communication
• 2.2.2 Related Studies on Nonverbal Communication
• 2.2.3 Inadequacy of Previous Studies
• 2.3 Nonverbal Pragmatic Failure
• 2.3.1 On Defining Nonverbal Pragmatic Failure
• 2.3.2 Previous Studies on Nonverbal Pragmatic Failure
• 2.3.3 Inadequacy of Previous Studies
• Chapter Three Study of Different Nonverbal Codes from the Perspective of Cultural Schema
• 3.1 Theoretical Base
• 3.1.1 Schema Theory
• 3.1.2 Culture and Schema
• 3.2 Nonverbal Codes in Intercultural Business Context
• 3.2.1 Eight Codes of Nonverbal Communication
• 3.2.2 Functional Importance of Nonverbal Codes in Business Context
• 3.3 Case Studies: a Cultural Schema Approach
• Chapter Four Accounts for Nonverbal Pragmatic Failure in Intercultural Business Communication
• 4.1 Communication Models
• 4.1.1 Overall Business Communication Model
• 4.1.2 Functional Model of Nonverbal Exchange
• 4.2. Cultural Accounts for Nonverbal Pragmatic Failure
• 4.2.1. Culture and Nonverbal communication
• 4.2.2 Intercultural Difference in Nonverbal Communication
• 4.2.3 Case Study
• 4.3 Cognitive Accounts for Nonverbal Pragmatic Failure
• 4.3.1 Cultural Schemas for Social Interaction
• 4.3.2 Cognitive Activity of Nonverbal Pragmatic Failure
• Chapter Five Strategies for Intercultural Adaptation in Business Workplace
• 5.1 Intercultural communication Competence
• 5.2 Intercultural Transformation
• 5.3 Strategies in Practice
• 5.3.1 Preparation
• 5.3.2 Personality Characteristics
• 5.3.3 Business Considerations
• 5.3.4 Amount of Time Spent Communicating
• 5.4 Case Studies
• 5.4.1 The Conference Room Environment
• 5.4.2 Business Card Exchange
• Chapter Six Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgement
• 在读期间科研成果目录