英汉动物谚语的隐喻研究

论文摘要

谚语,作为积淀民族实践和经验的人类智慧的结晶,是人类文化宝库中绚丽多彩的瑰宝,是语言和文化不可分割的重要组成部分。作为一种语言和文化现象,谚语一直受到国内外学者的关注。本文以莱考夫和约翰逊的概念隐喻理论对有关十二生肖(牛,羊,马,猪,狗,鸡,虎,兔,猴,鼠,蛇,龙)的动物谚语进行了英汉对比分析。主要的发现有：动物主要构成的概念隐喻是“人是动物”(HUMAN BEINGS ARE ANIMALS):在动物谚语中大部分动物的引申义是贬义的；在英汉动物谚语中,相同动物意象的引申义具有相同相似性,但数量有限；英汉动物谚语中,动物隐喻的引申义具有差异性：用同一种动物意象表达相同意义,但感情色彩不同；同一种动物意象在一种语言中有丰富的隐喻意义,在另一种语言中极其贫乏；用不同的动物意象表达相同的意义；用同一动物意象表达完全不同的意义。这些差异受到民族的生存环境,宗教信仰,生活方式等因素影响。本文分为六章。第一章为引言。介绍了文章的语料来源、研究方法、意义以及全文的结构。第二章是文献综述。主要是国内外学者对英汉谚语的研究现状。第三章讨论了亚里士多德,理查德和布莱克,莱考夫和约翰逊,莱考夫和特纳的隐喻观,英汉谚语的定义和语料收集、选取标准。第四章是对比分析。作者把英汉十二生肖谚语分成三类：家养动物,野生动物和想象的动物。运用莱考夫和约翰逊的概念隐喻理论进行对比分析并探讨英汉动物谚语中的文化特性。第五章是本研究的发现和讨论,探讨了动物隐喻的相似性和差异性,以及产生差异的原因。第六章是总结。对全文做了简要的概述,提出有关英汉谚语翻译和英语教学的方法及对今后研究的建议。

论文目录

• 中文摘要
• Abstract in English
• Abbreviations
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Purpose of the Thesis
• 1.2 The Methods of the Thesis
• 1.3 The Significance of the Thesis
• 1.4 The Structure of the Thesis
• Chapter 2 Literature Review
• 2.1 Previous Studies on Proverbs at Home
• 2.2 Previous Studies on Proverbs Abroad
• Chapter 3 Theoretical Frameworks
• 3.1 Major views of Metaphor
• 3.1.1 Aristotle's view of Metaphor
• 3.1.2 Richards and Black's view of Metaphor
• 3.1.3 Lakoff and Johnson's view of Metaphor
• 3.1.4 Lakoff and Turner's view of Metaphor
• 3.2 Language and Culture
• 3.3 Definition of Proverb
• 3.3.1 Definition of Proverb in English
• 3.3.2 Definition of Proverb in Chinese
• 3.4 Data Collection
• Chapter 4 Comparative Analysis of the Proverbs
• 4.1 Proverbs of Domestic Animals
• 4.1.1 Proverbs of "Yang" and Sheep
• 4.1.2 Proverbs of "Niu" and Cattle
• 4.1.3 Proverbs of "Ma" and Horse
• 4.1.4 Proverbs of "Zhu" and Pig
• 4.1.5 Proverbs of "Gou" and Dog
• 4.1.6 Proverbs of "Ji" and Chicken
• 4.2 Proverbs of Wild animals
• 4.2.1 Proverbs of "Hu" and Tiger
• 4.2.2 Proverbs of "Tu" and Hare
• 4.2.3 Proverbs of "Hou" and Monkey
• 4.2.4 Proverbs of "Shu" and Mouse
• 4.2.5 Proverbs of "She" and Snake
• 4.3 Proverbs of Imagined animal-- "Long" and Dragon
• Chapter 5 Findings and Discussion
• 5.1 Metaphorical Similarity of Animal in English and Chinese
• 5.2 Metaphorical Difference of Animal in English and Chinese
• 5.2.1 Partial Equivalence
• 5.2.3 Complete Inequivalence
• 5.3 The Causes of Difference in metaphorical meanings
• 5.3.1 Difference in living environment
• 5.3.2 Difference in religion
• 5.3.3 Difference in living style
• Chapter 6 Conclusion
• 6.1 Implications
• 6.2 Limitation
• 6.3 Research Space
• Bibliography
• Publications during the Postgraduate Program
• Acknowledgements