儿童文学中“穿越”故事结构及其教育功能 ——从社会结构主义角度分析

论文摘要

“穿越”是西方国家儿童文学作品中一种较为常见的故事情节。本文归纳了儿童文学中的“穿越”故事情节,并分析了其深刻的教育意义和作用。本文首先对于儿童文学中的“穿越”情节作了简单介绍。儿童文学中的“穿越”情节可以归纳为两个阶段:1.备受现实问题困扰的主人公穿越到另一个魔幻世界;2.进入魔幻世界后,主人公在克服种种困难后变得更加成熟,明智。这种“穿越”情节与社会结结构主义的主要观点相互呼应。第一,儿童文学中表现的困境与现实世界紧密相关,是现实问题的抽象表现,两者复杂程度相近。第二,儿童是故事讲述和阅读等学习活动的中心。第三,作者在作品中用完全独立和开放的、充满精心设计各种积极暗示的环境取代传统枯燥的说教。第四,作品通过让儿童独立成长来强化儿童自己的认知和理解。儿童文学中的“穿越”情节的第一个阶段体现了社会结构主义的前两个观点,而“穿越”情节的第二个阶段体现了社会结构主义的后两个观点。本文对于西方儿童文学三个不同历史时期的六部具有代表性的作品进行分析,具体说明“穿越”故事情节与社会结构主义之间相互呼应的密切关系。第一章以创作于19世纪的《爱丽丝漫游奇境》和《绿野仙踪》两部作品为代表;第二章以20世纪儿童文学《彼得潘》和《纳尼亚传奇》为例;第三章以21世纪的儿童文学作品《鬼妈妈》和《哈利波特》为例。在对于几部具有代表性的作品进行分析的基础之上,本文得出了以下结论:社会结构主义与儿童文学作品在许多方面相互呼应。本着寓教于乐的共同宗旨,社会结构主义为儿童文学提供了理论支持;作为社会结构主义的具体体现,儿童文学对于儿童的成长起到了积极作用。儿童文学作家依据其对于儿童思维,心理和情绪等的深入了解,将价值观念,道德和优良品质潜移默化地传递给儿童。通过作品中丰富的想象以及引人入胜的故事情节,儿童得以在自由开放的环境中成长,即取得了归属感和自尊,又不失现实感。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Introduction
• I.The Protagonist’s Travel and Maturation in the Magical World in the 19th Century
• A. Alice’s Fall into the Wonderland and her Personal Growth
• 1. Escaping the Sleepy and Confining Reality through the Rabbit Hole
• 2. Obtaining Courage and Rightness through her Experience in the Wonderland
• B. Dorothy’s Fly into the Kingdom of Oz and her Personal Growth
• 1.E scaping the Dangerous and Instable Reality by the Cyclone
• 2.Obtaining Strength and Kindness through her Experiences in the Kingdom of Oz
• II. The Protagonist’s Travel and Maturation in the Magical World in the 20th Century
• A. Wendy’s Transit into the Neverland and her Personal Growth
• 1.Escaping the Confusing and Fearful Reality with Magical Powder
• 2.Obtaining Responsibility and Humanity through her Experience in the Neverland
• B. Four Children’s Walk into Narnia and Their Personal Growth
• 1.Escaping the Dreadful and Helpless Reality through the Wardrobe
• 2.Obtaining Christian love and forgiveness through their experience in Narnia
• III. The Protagonist’s Travel and Maturation in the Magical World in the 21th Century
• A. Coraline’s Slip into the “Mirror World” and her Personal Growth
• 1.Escaping the Quarrelsome and Lonely Reality through the D
• 2.Obtaining Courage and Love through Her Experience in the “Mirror World”
• B. Harry Potter’s Travel to Magical Hogwarts and his Personal Growth
• 1.Escaping the Pitiful and Frustrating Reality through the Platform Nine and Three-quarters
• 2.Obtaining Bravery and Determinacy through his Experience in Hogwarts
• Conclusion
• Works Cited
• Acknowledgements
• Paper Published during Study