《他们眼望上苍》与《骡子与人》的幽默研究

《他们眼望上苍》与《骡子与人》的幽默研究

论文摘要

本论文旨在通过分析佐拉·尼尔·赫斯顿的《他们眼往上苍》与《骡子与人》两部作品中幽默运用的功能,论证揭示幽默在传达和升华作品主题中所起的重要作用。本论文主要包括三个章节与结论。第一章介绍了关于作者及其作品中幽默成分的文学批评,并介绍了本文所用的理论和一些批评家关于女性幽默及少数民族幽默的批评。接下来的两章是通过文本分析两部作品中的幽默揭示其功能。亨利·柏格森把幽默分为三类:幽默的语言,幽默的情景以及幽默的人物形象。依照此分类,本文首先分析了两部作品中幽默的语言,主要分析了《他们眼望上苍》女主人公珍妮言语幽默的发展,以及《骡子与人》民间故事中的夸张语言。在幽默的情景分析中主要以珍妮参与并创造的幽默情景,两位男主人公的葬礼以及法庭审判描写中存在的幽默为例;《骡子与人》关于事物起源的情景故事中也存在大量幽默。另外,此章节也对两部作品中狂欢与幽默的关系进行了浅析。第三章分析了幽默的人物刻画,着重分析《他们眼望上苍》中滑稽的人物形象,如珍妮的祖母,托尼夫人,特纳夫人及茶点心;民间故事集中也有大量幽默的形象,如奴隶主,约翰,及黑人圣经中的上帝和诺亚被解构后的形象。通过论证最后得出结论:赫斯顿作品中的幽默与作品的主题联系甚密。这些幽默的作用主要有:其一,启发甚至标志着黑人女性在黑人世界和白人世界获得声音和实现自我;其二,作为黑人社会对抗种族主义的一种颠覆性武器;其三,标志着整个黑人社会的智慧与种族健康。本论文所用的理论主要是三种关于幽默的基本理论:优越性理论,不和谐性理论和心理分析理论。其他关于幽默,女性幽默和少数民族幽默的理论也贯穿在本文的论证过程中。

论文目录

  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  • ABSTRACT
  • 摘要
  • CHAPTER ONE Literature Review and Introduction
  • 1.1 Literature Review
  • 1.1.1 Literature Review on Zora Neale Hurston and Her Works
  • 1.1.2 Literature Review on Hurston's Humor
  • 1.2 Research Questions and Thesis Statement
  • 1.3 Theoretical Framework
  • 1.4 Thesis Structure
  • CHAPTER TWO Linguistic Humor and Situational Humor
  • 2.1 Linguistic Humor
  • 2.1.1 Development of Janie's Linguistic Humor
  • 2.1.2 Hyperbole in Mules and Men
  • 2.2 Situational Humor
  • 2.2.1 Humorous Situations in Their Eyes Were Watching God
  • 2.2.2 Humor in Etiological Situations in Mules and Men
  • 2.2.3 Carnival World in Two Books
  • 2.3 Conclusion
  • CHAPTER THREE Humorous Characterization
  • 3.1 Comic Types in Their Eyes Were Watching God
  • 3.1.1 Humorous Characterization of Nanny
  • 3.1.2.Characterization of Mrs.Tony
  • 3.1.3 Characterization of Mrs.Turner
  • 3.1.4 Characterization of Tea Cake
  • 3.2 Humorous Characterization in Mules and Men
  • 3.2.1 Characterization of Ole Massa and John
  • 3.2.2 Folk Tales Concerning the Bible
  • 3.3 Conclusion
  • CONCLUSION
  • WORKS CITED
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    《他们眼望上苍》与《骡子与人》的幽默研究
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