从语境视角看《红楼梦》称谓语翻译

论文摘要

称谓语,在人与人之间的交流中发挥着重要作用,其使用的复杂性、翻译的困难性却是显而易见的。随着中西文化交流的逐步推进,越来越多的学者开始关注称谓语的翻译研究。中西方称谓系统差异巨大,这就使得汉语称谓语的英译变得困难重重。《红楼梦》是中国古典文学中的一颗璀璨明珠,在这部描写中国封建社会贵族世家的小说中,各种人物在语言交际过程中使用的称谓语丰富多彩,所遵循的规则或者说使用的影响因素也繁杂多变,从而使其成为了称谓语翻译研究的绝佳语料。语境对翻译的影响毋庸置疑。没有语境,便没有翻译,它们之间的关系密切,语境不仅有利于译者理解原文,对译者选择译文也有一定影响。在这个过程中,译者首先需要理解源语语境,再用最切近的语言翻译,使其符合译入语语境,从而为译文读者构建出最能传达原文意义,同时又最有利于译文读者理解的对等语境。尽管许多学者对《红楼梦》译作进行过多方面的研究,但是称谓语的翻译却很少涉及,更少的是从语境和翻译之间的关系进行深入探究,本文为《红楼梦》翻译研究注入了新的活力。作者运用语境对翻译的影响,着重从言内语境、情景语境和文化语境探讨杨译《红楼梦》的称谓语翻译,利用大量的实例分析,试图了解其称谓语翻译的指导原则和翻译技巧,为称谓语及其翻译研究提供了一个新的视角。通过研究,作者发现,只有符合源语语境和译入语语境的翻译,才是最佳翻译,并且总结了杨宪益夫妇的两大翻译技巧,即直译和意译,希望为其他译者提供一些帮助。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Chapter 1 Study on Address Terms in Hong Lou Meng
• 1.1 Address Terms in Hong Lou Meng with Fixed Distance:Kinship Terms and Social Terms
• 1.1.1 Kinship Terms
• 1.1.2 Social Terms
• 1.2 Address Terms in Hong Lou Meng with Unfixed Distance: Emotional Terms
• 1.2.1 Positive Terms:Honorary Terms,Teasing Terms,Intimate Terms and Modest Terms
• 1.2.2 Neutral Terms:General Terms
• 1.2.3 Negative Terms:Conceited Terms,Contemptuous Terms and Cursing Terms
• 1.3 Features of Address Terms in Hong Lou Meng
• Chapter 2 Context Theory:Theoretical Framework of the Analysis ofAddress Term Translation in Hong Lou Meng
• 2.1 Context Theory
• 2.1.1 Linguistic Context
• 2.1.2 Situational Context
• 2.1.2.1 Field
• 2.1.2.2 Tenor
• 2.1.2.3 Mode
• 2.1.3 Cultural Context
• 2.2 Relationship between Context and Translation
• 2.2.1 Source Context
• 2.2.2 Target Context
• 2.2.3 Striving to Construct Equivalent Context
• 2.3 Context:An Undeniable Factor in Address Term Translation
• Chapter 3 Application of Context Theory in Analyzing Address TermTranslation in Hong Lou Meng
• 3.1 Linguistic Context and Address Term Translation
• 3.1.1 Former Terms
• 3.1.2 Terms with Slight Change
• 3.1.3 Abbreviation
• 3.1.4 Indirect Use
• 3.2 Situational Context and Address Term Translation
• 3.2.1 Field and Its Effects on Translation
• 3.2.1.1 Time Change
• 3.2.1.2 Spatial Difference:Presence/Absence of the Addressee
• 3.2.1.3 Subject Matter
• 3.2.2 Tenor and Its Effects on Translation
• 3.2.2.1 Permanent Distance between the Addresser and Addressee:Nature of the Participants
• 3.2.2.2 Temporary Distance between the Addresser and Addressee:Change of Mood and Communication Purpose
• 3.2.3 Mode and Its Effects on Translation
• 3.2.3.1 Oral Form and Written Form
• 3.2.3.2 Rhetoric Effects
• 3.3 Cultural Context and Address Term Translation
• 3.3.1 Historical Factor:Influences of Classic Works and Idioms
• 3.3.2 Customary Factor:Habitual Ways of Expression
• 3.3.3 Religious Factor:Influences of Buddhism and Taoism
• 3.3.4 Social Factor:Official Titles in the Feudal Society
• Chapter 4 Translation Methods of Address Terms in Hong LouMeng
• 4.1 Literal Translation
• 4.1.1 Transliteration
• 4.1.2 Literal Translation with Notes
• 4.2 Free Translation
• 4.2.1 Amplification
• 4.2.2 Omission
• 4.2.3 Conversion
• Conclusion
• Notes
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements
• 攻读学位期间主要的研究成果目录