论文摘要
英语词汇搭配是用来衡量英语学习者英语水平的重要方面之一。然而大量研究表明对于中国英语学习者在使用英语词汇搭配方面一直存在着很多困难。很多国内外语言学研究者在过去的20年中运用语料库语言学的方法对词语的搭配进行了大量的研究,并取得了很多成果。由于对中国高级英语学习者的运用搭配情况的研究较少,本研究将搭配分成自由搭配、限制性搭配和固定搭配等各种类型,目的是要通过中国高级英语学习者和以英语为母语的熟练使用者对英语词语搭配的选择差异,揭示出二者在词语搭配使用方面的差异,为中国英语学习者及英语写作教学提供可资参考的依据。本文采用理论和实际相结合的原则,在对目前已有搭配研究的成果进行总结和综述的基础上,以使用频率较高的动词get为例做个案研究。本文从中国学习者语料库(CLEC)和英国国家语料库(BNC)中提取大量的真实语料,采用数据驱动的方法,对get的搭配作了既有定量的、也有定性的全面系统的对比分析。由于本研究是以计算机为工具,所以在分析中会发现很多表面形式正确而实际错误的搭配现象。鉴于此,我们必须把手工定性分类和计算机定量统计结合起来作为研究方法。笔者首先进行语料的采集和归类,从BNC和CELC中随机采集了有关get的搭配各五百七十条左右,然后把这些真实的语料分为自由搭配、限定搭配和固定搭配。并且我们在此基础之上根据词汇的概念意义和语法意义对词语搭配作了更加细致的分类,为后面的对比分析提供必要的材料。其次,笔者对语料进行对比分析发现:在词语搭配的使用上,中国高级英语学习者与熟练的英语母语使用者相比存在显著的差异。中国高级英语学习者过度使用一些较为简单的搭配,从而忽略了其他意义更加丰富的搭配。第三,研究发现中国高级英语学习者还存在许多错误搭配,如冗余、误选搭配词等等。通过大量分析基本可以得出的结论是学习者的母语、对目标语的应用和学习者的学习过程及学习方式都会影响学习者的学习效果。本文的研究结果对教学也具有一定启示,大学英语专业的中高级学生依然受到来自母语的影响,需要加强母语和对目标语之间差异的认识。其次,与英语本族语者相比,中国英语专业学习者倾向于过多使用动词get的一些自由搭配,然而却过少使用其他限定性搭配和固定搭配。因此学习者要优化自身的学习策略,通过培养良好的学习方法改善学习效果。本文的主要不足是:研究范围偏小,使用“get”做个案研究,提取的相关搭配数量有限,由此可能会导致以偏概全的问题。因为只有大规模的语料研究能够更全面真实地反映外语学习者的外语掌握情况。
论文目录
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