中英合同文本的指示语

论文摘要

指示语被广泛应用到语言哲学、语用学、语义学和心理语言学领域,目前是语用学研究的一个重要课题。指示是指称的一种,用来指向与某一特定语境有关的人、物、时间、地点、过程和社会关系等。指示语理论常被用来分析文学、影视对白、日常交流等对话类型的话语,但是很少涉及法律等正式文本,几乎没有用来分析合同语言。本文试将指示语理论应用到中英文合同文本当中。根据指示语的定义、本质特征及功能,找出合同文本中的指示词语。根据这些词语是否被作为指示语进行专门研究过,将指示语分为两大类。一类是没有或很少被作为指示语进行专门研究过的,主要包括“Part A/甲方”、“Part B/乙方”以及其它类似的称呼,“hereinafter”和“whereof”等山“here”、“there”和“where”等词与一个或几个介词构成的古体词,以及“thiscontract/本合同”等;第二类为那些在论文、专著或者其他文献中讨论过的指示语,如人称指示语中的第一人称和第三人称指示语,篇章指示语中的“as follows/如下”、“below/下列”、“according to/按照”等。本文着重论证讨论第一类指示语:对于第二类指示语,将对其中典型的指示语进行讨论和分析;对其他的简单介绍。然后,对合同中指示语的类属及其语境的特殊性进行分析并得出下述结论。合同中指示语的类属情况:人称指示语使用较少。其中第三人称使用最多,最为频繁;第一人称偶尔用,第二人称几乎不用。合同中的时间指示语相对少得多。社交指示语数甲方乙方最为典型。地点指示语几乎不用。合同中指示语的特殊语境:把合同双方当事人看作一个整体,共同构成合同中指示语的指示中心,这样,这个指示中心的距离与合同双方的距离相等,体现合同中当事人在法律地位上的平等。

论文目录

• Acknowledgement
• Abstract（English）
• Abstract（Chinese）
• Chapter One Introduction
• 1.1 A Review of the Study of Deixis
• 1.2 The Linguistic Study of Contract
• 1.3 The Objectives of the Study
• 1.4 An Overview and Methodology of the Study
• Chapter Two Definition,Characteristics,Pragmatic Functions and Classification of Deixis
• 2.1 The Definition of Deixis
• 2.1.1 The Term "Deixis" and Related Words or Phrases
• 2.1.2 Different Definitions of Deixis
• 2.1.3 The Philosophic Study of Deixis
• 2.2 Classifications of Deixis
• 2.2.1 Pure and Impure Deixis
• 2.2.2 Primary Deixis and Secondary Deixis
• 2.3 Person,Time,Place,Discourse and Social Diexis
• 2.3.1 Person Deixis
• 2.3.2 Place Deixis
• 2.3.3 Time Deixis
• 2.3.4 Discourse Deixis
• 2.3.5 Social Deixis
• 2.4 The Characteristics of Deixis
• 2.5 The Pragmatic Functions of Deixis
• 2.6 The Summary of Theory of Deixis
• Chapter Three Contract and Its Requirements for the Language of Contracts
• 3.1 The Functions and Styles of Contracts
• 3.2 The Requirements for the Language in Contracts
• 3.2.1 Clarity
• 3.2.2 Conciseness
• 3.2.3 Completeness
• 3.3 Linguistic Study on the Features of Language in Contracts
• 3.3.1 Lexical Features
• 3.3.2 Syntactic Features
• 3.3.3 Discourse Features
• 3.3.4 Other Features of Legal Usage of Language in Contracts
• Chapter Four Deixis in Contracts
• 4.1 The Deictic Expressions in Contracts
• 4.2 The Deictic Expressions in Contracts That Have Seldom or Not Been Studied as Deixis
• 4.2.1 "Party A","Party B" and Similar Expressions
• 4.2.2.A Summary of Findings
• 4.2.3 The Archaisms Composed of "Here","There" and "Where" Followed by Prepositions
• 4.2.4 Other Deixis that Mainly Owned by Contracts
• 4.3 The Deictic Expressions That Have Been Studied
• 4.3.1 "This" Versus "That" And "These" Versus "Those" in Contracts
• 4.3.2 "The" in Contracts
• 4.3.3 The Third Personal Pronouns in Contracts
• 4.4 Contexts for Deixis in Contracts
• 4.5 Characteristics of Deixis in Contracts
• 4.5.1 Person Deixis in Contracts
• 4.5.2 Discourse Deixis in Contracts
• 4.5.3 Time and Place Deixis in Contracts
• 4.4.4 Social Deixis in Contracts
• 4.5.5 Impure and Secondary Deixis in Contracts
• 4.6 A Summary of Deixis in Contracts
• Chapter Five Conclusion
• 5.1 A Summary of the Research
• 5.2 Major Findings
• 5.3 Limitations
• Bibliography