诗歌中的象似性研究

论文摘要

本文的研究对象是诗歌中的象似性。论文将象似性理论运用到诗歌分析中,试图揭示诗歌形式与内容之间的关系。象似性普遍存在于日常语言与文学语言中,K. Wales(1989:226)认为,“文学广义上可被视作是象似的,其形式可以以多种方式模仿它所反映的现实。”就文学体裁而言,诗歌中存在着最为丰富的象似性,因为诗歌语言复杂而又富于新意。本文在研究方法上,主要是收集了一些中英文诗歌,然后根据象似性的原则对诗歌这种特殊的艺术形式进行语音、词汇、句法和篇章等各个层面的分析,以探察诗歌语言和形式之间的关系,以及象似性在诗歌中的运用所产生的特殊修辞效果。同时,本文还探索了如何在诗歌翻译中实现形似和神似,通过具体例子的分析指出,诗歌翻译中译者应注意到原诗的形式并应努力在译作中再现原诗的形式,从而保留诗歌风貌和趣味,在形似的基础上力争达到神似。将象似性理论运用于诗歌与诗歌翻译实践研究,可以明确阐述这样的观点,即诗歌的语言形式既模仿现实世界和大自然中具体的东西,又模仿人的经验、情感和思想。诗歌是形意和谐的艺术,在诗歌翻译中也应再现这种和谐。本研究可以使读者对象似性在诗歌中的存在有一个基本的了解,认识到象似性对于诗歌艺术性营造的重要意义,从而帮助他们提高诗歌鉴赏水平。同时可以使译者注意到诗歌翻译中再现象似性的必要性,重要性以及可能性,从而提高译作质量,达到形似和神似的完整统一。

论文目录

• Abstract
• 摘要
• Introduction
• Chapter 1 Literature Review
• 1.1 Theories on Arbitrariness
• 1.2 Theories on Iconicity
• 1.2.1 Definition of Iconicity
• 1.2.2 Classification of Iconicity
• 1.2.2.1 Peirce’s Classification
• 1.2.2.2 Haiman’s Classification
• 1.2.3 The Study of Iconicity at Home
• 1.3 Philosophical Backgrounds of Arbitrariness and Iconicity
• 1.4 The Relationship between Arbitrariness and Iconicity
• 1.5 Theories on Poetry
• 1.5.1 Language in Poetry
• 1.5.2 Iconicity in Poetry
• Chapter 2 Iconicity in Poetry
• 2.1 Iconicity on the Phonological Level
• 2.1.1 Onomatopoeia
• 2.1.2 Sound Symbolism
• 2.2 Iconicity on the Morphological Level
• 2.2.1 Graphological Iconicity of Alphabetical Letters in Poetry
• 2.2.2 Iconicity Based on Word
• 2.3 Iconicity on the Syntactic and Textual Level
• 2.3.1 Iconicity of Quantity
• 2.3.2 Iconicity of Sequence
• 2.3.3 Iconicity of Distance
• 2.3.4 Iconicity of Markedness
• 2.3.5 Iconicity of Symmetry
• 2.3.6 Iconicity of Shape
• Chapter 3 Realization of Iconicity in Poetry Translation
• 3.1 The Significance of the Theory of Iconicity to Poetry Translation
• 3.2 The Necessity of Re-creating Iconicity in Poetry Translation
• 3.3 The Difficulties of Re-creating Iconicity in Poetry Translation
• 3.4 Realization of Iconicity in Poetry Translation
• 3.4.1 Sound Iconicity and Its Translation
• 3.4.2 Graphological Iconicity of Alphabetical Letters and Its Translation
• 3.4.3 Iconicity of Sequence and Its Translation
• 3.4.4 Iconicity of Distance and Its Translation
• 3.4.5 Iconicity of Quantity and Its Translation
• 3.4.6 Iconicity of Symmetry and Its Translation
• 3.4.7 Iconicity of Shape and Its Translation
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements