Design and Simulation of the Solar Tracking System

论文摘要

Scientists generally accept that for mankind the solar energy is the fittest, the safest, the most green and the most ideal replaceable energy in future .The current solar energy converting rate roughly is 10%～20%.Analysis indicated that adopting the solar tracker can increase 37% the rate of receiving energy .Research and development of the two axes solar tracker can increase the reception efficiency and open widely the exploitation realm of the solar energy.The studying content in this paper is the design of the solar tracking system and its electric control system.The system can realize tracking to the solar azimuth and altitude angle in real time.We devised the position of the sun in celestial bodies, corresponding to design the two-dimensional position of the sun tracking devices and propose the real-time tracking control program by the use of PC/104. The system adopted active tracking, namely calculate the input angle of the tracking device in advance by use of the clock module which is in the control system, the angle is correspondent to the sun position some moment.Photoelectric encoders react the sunlight that putting on different position of the platform, feedback electrical signal.Then PC/104 applies the subprogram and sends out pulse to DC torque motors according to the signal, which can control the rotate angle and direction of the DC torque motor.The mechanism has realized the automatic track to the sun, so that the tracker’s top flat board can be always vertical to the sunlight and arrive the furthest receiving energy.Systemic hardware select PC/104, it is used as control core to control the DC torque motor. We have finished the design of the peripheral hardware circuit of single-chip. This driver adopted the special composite module related to the DC torque motor. It has the character of strong anti-jamming, good performance of high frequency, simple construction and running steadily etc.

论文目录

• ABSTRACT
• CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION
• 1.1 Purpose and significance of the study
• 1.1.1 Background and origin
• 1.1.2 The significance of issues
• 1.2 Domestic and foreign researching status
• 1.3 Main research contents of the thesis
• CHAPTER 2 THE STRUCTURE DESIGN OF THE SUN TRACKING DEVIC
• 2.1 The determine of the sun’s locations and trajectory
• 2.1.1 The concept of "celestialsphere" and the sun's position
• 2.1.2 Determine the location of the sun
• 2.1.3 The calculation of the angle of the sun
• 2.1.4 Azimuth calculations of sunrise and sunset
• 2.2 Overview of the sun tracking device
• 2.2.1 The major technical specifications of the tracking device
• 2.2.2 System Components of tracking devices
• 2.2.3 The main functions of tracking devices
• 2.2.4 Working principles of tracking devices
• 2.3 Choosing driven approaches and driven components
• 2.3.1 The principles of choosing driven systems
• 2.3.2 Methods of choosing motors
• 2.4 Design analysis of the structure forms of tracking device
• 2.4.1 The whole design program of the tracking device
• 2.4.2 The structure of track device
• 2.4.3 The measures taken in design and technology
• 2.4.4 Checking and calculation of the main parts of device
• 2.5 Analyzing the main load of tracking device
• 2.5.1 Inertia loads analysis
• 2.5.2 Load of friction
• 2.5.3 Integrated load
• 2.6 Analysis of the precision of the erro
• 2.6.1 Analysis of the error and conclusions
• 2.6.2 Considerations of the design
• 2.7 Summary of this chapter
• CHAPTER 3 CONTROL SYSTEM OVERALL DESIGN
• 3.1 Selection of control system
• 3.1.1 Open-loop control system
• 3.1.2 Closed-loop control system
• 3.1.3 Control system principle of work
• 3.1.4 Direct-current moment of electromotor’s PC104 control
• 3.2 Control system hardware design
• 3.2.1 Control electrical machinery's function
• 3.2.2 The DC torque motor’s principle of work
• 3.2.3 Direct-current moment electrical machinery's actuation
• 3.2.4 Selection of angle measurement devices
• 3.2.5 Photoelectricity encoder's application principle
• 3.3 Control system software design
• 3.3.1 PC104 synopses
• 3.3.2 The mathematical model of the control system
• 3.3.3 The overall design of the control system
• CHAPTER 4 SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF THE CONTROL SYSTEM
• 4.1 The simulation analysis
• 4.1.1 The simulation analysis of the inner rim
• 4.1.2 The simulation analysis of the outer rim
• 4.2 Analysis of one day
• 4.3 The overall analysis
• 4.4 Discussion
• CONCLUSIONS
• REFERENCES
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• APPENDICES