越界—翻译文本间交流的途径

越界—翻译文本间交流的途径

论文摘要

本文从越界这一角度,一个涉及语言,文化和其他相关基本因素的概念,通过对翻译中大量存在的越界现象进行探讨,并运用阐释学理论指出越界作为翻译中普遍的现象和实现翻译的一种途径,是“破”与“立(重建)”的结合,正是通过这种途径,翻译最终起到不同语言文化间交流桥梁的作用。文章从英文feudal一词和汉语“封建”的对译将“越界”(transgression)这一概念借用到翻译理论中来。Feudal和Fengjian有各自的内涵和产生背景,中国原本的“封建”概指周至先秦这一时期的政治形式,即“封建制”,与后来的“郡县制”相对。而英文中feudalism并非一种政治形式而是对其社会形态的称谓。然而,这种差异被逐渐忽略甚至抹煞以致两个概念最终在翻译中被逐渐对等了起来。作者指出本文的目的不是要对这一翻译本身的正误作评判或对它做任何修正,而是力图发现这一案例背后所隐藏的意义,例如:两术语各自有其内涵和背景,却在翻译过程中被等同起来,其中被翻译的又是什么,意义抑或是形式?通过对这些问题,尤其是意义的探讨,作者将“越界”的概念做了上进一步发展,并将其及上述这些问题推及整个翻译,从中获得对翻译的新的认识。从这一特例中作者首先对“越界”(transgression)的概念和在本文中的所指做出解释,即概念的游离与转移。本文从翻译中的最基本的层面——如语言和意义本身——同时,结合当今认知语言学和其他领域研究的成果来探讨这些研究对翻译研究的启示和价值。本文作者将翻译过程和翻译实践视为越界的过程,同时强调,这一越界的过程并非是为了削除文本间的差异,而恰恰是为了传递这种差异,不断地破旧立新从而更好地为促进文本间的交流服务。在对翻译中越界的概念进行论述后,作者从概念整合的角度阐释翻译中的越界的实现,它对翻译的价值以及与越界之间的关系,并通过概念整合来阐述越界对翻译理论研究和实践的意义。概念整合是任何交际模式中不可缺少的一部分,意义本身处在不断地漂流游离中,人对各种信息的理解整合会因人、因地、因时而异,越界自然无法避免;翻译作为不同语言与文化间交流的途径,涉及在深度和广度上更为复杂的概念整合,越界对于翻译自然成了题中应有之义。从这个角度讲,越界回应了挑战打破文本之上的权威的呼声,提倡翻译本身的解放,即视翻译为一种“阐释”,一种语言和文化间交流的途径。因此,它不仅跨越意义的界限,而且也跨越时空的界限。从这个意义上讲,翻译已经超越了离散的理论界限达到一种自由的境界。同时,随着翻译也越来越多地成为一个交叉学科,翻译研究也受到文化研究等因素的影响。社会的、文化的和甚至是意识的因素都被引入语言学和翻译的研究;认知语言学认为“意义”即不是外在的也不是内在的,而是一个连续不间断的构建和概念整合过程,大脑不断的借助个体经验(体验)在其高度复杂的信息整合框架内对来自外部的信息进行整合后在大脑中形成的意念。对此,若意义是如有人认为那样的外在的客观存在物,则它将是确定的和不可变的,现实中将不会有如此之多的意义和理解的偏差;同样,若意义是一种完全主观的内在存在,则任何文本在都将成为只有作者懂得的自说自话。综合以上方面,作者从越界的视角,应用概念整合的理论指出翻译是涉及在源语和目的语语境下概念和语言整合的两个独立过程,而翻译作品则是该进程中产生于第三空间的结果;这一翻译的过程,首先是在源语环境下对原文阐释理解的过程,同时又是目的语下的重新阐释和表述的过程,而所有这些本质都是概念整合的过程,在更广的意义上又带有越界的性质;最后作者指出,在这一过程中,越界作为翻译实现的手段和它的外在表现,担负着在“破”与“立”中实现文本间交流的功能。之后,作者通过一系列翻译中的实例来详细阐述以上观点。

论文目录

  • 摘要
  • ABSTRACT
  • CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1 BACKGROUND
  • 1.2 THE RATIONALE OF THE STUDY
  • 1.3 THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
  • CHAPTER TWO TRANSGRESSION — CONCEPT BLENDING
  • 2.1 TRANSGRESSION
  • 2.1.1 Transgression in General
  • 2.1.2 Transgression Phenomenon in Existence
  • 2.2 TRANSGRESSION OF MEANING
  • 2.2.1 Meaning Study Review
  • 2.2.2 Transgression of Meaning
  • 2.3 TRANSGRESSION AND CONCEPT BLENDING
  • 2.3.1 Concept Blending
  • 2.3.2 The Modeling of Concept Blending
  • 2.3.3 Transgression, Concept Blending and Translation
  • CHAPTER THREE TRANSGRESSION BETWEEN FENGJIAN AND FEUDAL
  • 3.1 Fengjian of China
  • 3.2 Feudalism in Europe
  • 3.3 The Transgression between Fengjian and Feudal
  • 3.4 Influence of Transgression
  • CHAPTER FOUR EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS IN TRANSLATION
  • 4.1 CONCEPTUAL INTEGRATION IN TRANSLATION
  • 4.2 EMPIRICAL TRANSLATION ANALYSIS
  • 4.2.1 Translation Analysis
  • 4.2.2 Translation of a Chinese Poem
  • 4.3 SUMMARY — SIGNIFICANCE OF TRANSGRESSION ON TRANSLATION
  • CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION
  • BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  • 在读期间科研成果目录
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    越界—翻译文本间交流的途径
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