本文主要研究内容
作者俞淑芳（2019）在《基于各向异性纳米材料偏光特性检测食品中重金属离子》一文中研究指出：重金属污染问题一直是食品安全的一大威胁。本论文以汞离子为例,首次利用各向异性金纳米材料的偏光特性在偏光显微镜（根据原理仅对各向异性材料进行成像）下开展了成像方法定量检测汞离子的研究。汞离子被还原为单质后能够吸附到金纳米棒、金纳米三角片、枝状金纳米颗粒表面,并且进一步和金形成合金,诱导其形变为球（或圆片）形纳米颗粒,导致偏光特性逐渐消失,偏光显微镜下光强变弱,通过光强的变化实现了对汞离子的定量研究。开发的成像方法能够在微米空间尺度上,在微量样品的条件下实现检测。本论文具体研究内容如下:（1）基于汞诱导金纳米棒形变的原理,改进偏光成像技术,利用光强变化实现对汞离子定量检测。证实了可看作单偶极子的金纳米棒（长轴72.56±2.17 nm,短轴36.05±0.44nm）的光强在偏光显微镜下具有方向依赖性,影响汞离子的检测。金纳米棒与起偏器的方向夹角不同,光强呈现周期性变化,其周期为π/2。金纳米棒与其旋转π/4后的叠加光强值是一稳定数值,因此,通过旋转样品或起偏器,将旋转前后图像的光强值相加,实现了对金纳米棒的无偏差成像,光强值不再依赖角度。在紫外可见分光光度计和透射电子显微镜（TEM）下证实了NaBH4还原汞离子成单质后,会诱导金纳米棒形变,波谱位置发生蓝移,各向异性减少,高浓度时会完全形变成球形。在偏光显微镜下,金纳米棒呈红色,加汞之后光强逐渐减弱。作为对比,暗场显微镜下金纳米棒由红色逐渐变成绿色,光强略微增加。偏光显微镜下,金纳米棒的光强与汞离子浓度在0.1-2μmol/L范围内成正比,其线性方程为:y=2654*CHg2++3832,R2是0.997。Zn2+、Pb2+、Cu2+等离子不会对检测产生干扰。最后对洋葱表皮细胞和井水中的汞进行了检测,效果良好。（2）金纳米三角片由于有三个边,可看作三偶极子,是各向异性材料,用维生素C还原汞离子得到汞单质,吸附在三角片的边缘,逐渐引起纳米三角片形变,偏光显微镜下,光强逐渐变弱。用KI作为还原剂合成出的金纳米三角片,其为等边三角形,边长为44±1.27nm。金纳米三角片在偏光显微镜下呈现红色,在汞离子存在时,其光强变化值依赖汞离子浓度,并与之在0.05-1μmol/范围内呈线性关系。对Zn2+、Pb2+等重金属离子具有良好的抗干扰能力。将该方法成功用于动物细胞内和自来水中汞离子的检测。（3）各向异性的枝状金纳米材料由中心的核和周围的分枝组成,可将其看作多偶极子,可用相同原理在偏光显微镜下对汞离子进行检测。用4-（2-羟乙基）-1-哌嗪乙磺酸（HEPES）和对苯二酚作为还原剂制备出了小尺寸和大尺寸枝状金纳米颗粒,在紫外可见分光光度计下证明了枝状金纳米材料对汞离子具有良好的响应能力。小枝状金纳米材料可以用紫外可见光谱对汞离子高灵敏检测,但在偏光显微镜下信号偏弱,无法达到成像的要求。因此,用大尺寸枝状金纳米材料在偏光显微镜下实现了对汞离子检测。大尺寸枝状金纳米材料内圆直径40±1.16nm,外圆直径70+2.45nm,偏光显微镜下呈现红色亮点。枝状金纳米材料由于自身形状特点,在偏光显微镜下其光强大小与样品自身角度无关。基于汞诱导枝状金纳米材料形变为球形金纳米材料的原理,实现了对汞离子的检测,检测范围为0.01-1μmol/L,相比于金纳米棒和金纳米三角片检测灵敏度更高。
Abstract
chong jin shu wu ran wen ti yi zhi shi shi pin an quan de yi da wei xie 。ben lun wen yi gong li zi wei li ,shou ci li yong ge xiang yi xing jin na mi cai liao de pian guang te xing zai pian guang xian wei jing （gen ju yuan li jin dui ge xiang yi xing cai liao jin hang cheng xiang ）xia kai zhan le cheng xiang fang fa ding liang jian ce gong li zi de yan jiu 。gong li zi bei hai yuan wei chan zhi hou neng gou xi fu dao jin na mi bang 、jin na mi san jiao pian 、zhi zhuang jin na mi ke li biao mian ,bing ju jin yi bu he jin xing cheng ge jin ,you dao ji xing bian wei qiu （huo yuan pian ）xing na mi ke li ,dao zhi pian guang te xing zhu jian xiao shi ,pian guang xian wei jing xia guang jiang bian ruo ,tong guo guang jiang de bian hua shi xian le dui gong li zi de ding liang yan jiu 。kai fa de cheng xiang fang fa neng gou zai wei mi kong jian che du shang ,zai wei liang yang pin de tiao jian xia shi xian jian ce 。ben lun wen ju ti yan jiu nei rong ru xia :（1）ji yu gong you dao jin na mi bang xing bian de yuan li ,gai jin pian guang cheng xiang ji shu ,li yong guang jiang bian hua shi xian dui gong li zi ding liang jian ce 。zheng shi le ke kan zuo chan ou ji zi de jin na mi bang （chang zhou 72.56±2.17 nm,duan zhou 36.05±0.44nm）de guang jiang zai pian guang xian wei jing xia ju you fang xiang yi lai xing ,ying xiang gong li zi de jian ce 。jin na mi bang yu qi pian qi de fang xiang ga jiao bu tong ,guang jiang cheng xian zhou ji xing bian hua ,ji zhou ji wei π/2。jin na mi bang yu ji xuan zhuai π/4hou de die jia guang jiang zhi shi yi wen ding shu zhi ,yin ci ,tong guo xuan zhuai yang pin huo qi pian qi ,jiang xuan zhuai qian hou tu xiang de guang jiang zhi xiang jia ,shi xian le dui jin na mi bang de mo pian cha cheng xiang ,guang jiang zhi bu zai yi lai jiao du 。zai zi wai ke jian fen guang guang du ji he tou she dian zi xian wei jing （TEM）xia zheng shi le NaBH4hai yuan gong li zi cheng chan zhi hou ,hui you dao jin na mi bang xing bian ,bo pu wei zhi fa sheng lan yi ,ge xiang yi xing jian shao ,gao nong du shi hui wan quan xing bian cheng qiu xing 。zai pian guang xian wei jing xia ,jin na mi bang cheng gong se ,jia gong zhi hou guang jiang zhu jian jian ruo 。zuo wei dui bi ,an chang xian wei jing xia jin na mi bang you gong se zhu jian bian cheng lu se ,guang jiang lve wei zeng jia 。pian guang xian wei jing xia ,jin na mi bang de guang jiang yu gong li zi nong du zai 0.1-2μmol/Lfan wei nei cheng zheng bi ,ji xian xing fang cheng wei :y=2654*CHg2++3832,R2shi 0.997。Zn2+、Pb2+、Cu2+deng li zi bu hui dui jian ce chan sheng gan rao 。zui hou dui xiang cong biao pi xi bao he jing shui zhong de gong jin hang le jian ce ,xiao guo liang hao 。（2）jin na mi san jiao pian you yu you san ge bian ,ke kan zuo san ou ji zi ,shi ge xiang yi xing cai liao ,yong wei sheng su Chai yuan gong li zi de dao gong chan zhi ,xi fu zai san jiao pian de bian yuan ,zhu jian yin qi na mi san jiao pian xing bian ,pian guang xian wei jing xia ,guang jiang zhu jian bian ruo 。yong KIzuo wei hai yuan ji ge cheng chu de jin na mi san jiao pian ,ji wei deng bian san jiao xing ,bian chang wei 44±1.27nm。jin na mi san jiao pian zai pian guang xian wei jing xia cheng xian gong se ,zai gong li zi cun zai shi ,ji guang jiang bian hua zhi yi lai gong li zi nong du ,bing yu zhi zai 0.05-1μmol/fan wei nei cheng xian xing guan ji 。dui Zn2+、Pb2+deng chong jin shu li zi ju you liang hao de kang gan rao neng li 。jiang gai fang fa cheng gong yong yu dong wu xi bao nei he zi lai shui zhong gong li zi de jian ce 。（3）ge xiang yi xing de zhi zhuang jin na mi cai liao you zhong xin de he he zhou wei de fen zhi zu cheng ,ke jiang ji kan zuo duo ou ji zi ,ke yong xiang tong yuan li zai pian guang xian wei jing xia dui gong li zi jin hang jian ce 。yong 4-（2-qiang yi ji ）-1-pai qin yi huang suan （HEPES）he dui ben er fen zuo wei hai yuan ji zhi bei chu le xiao che cun he da che cun zhi zhuang jin na mi ke li ,zai zi wai ke jian fen guang guang du ji xia zheng ming le zhi zhuang jin na mi cai liao dui gong li zi ju you liang hao de xiang ying neng li 。xiao zhi zhuang jin na mi cai liao ke yi yong zi wai ke jian guang pu dui gong li zi gao ling min jian ce ,dan zai pian guang xian wei jing xia xin hao pian ruo ,mo fa da dao cheng xiang de yao qiu 。yin ci ,yong da che cun zhi zhuang jin na mi cai liao zai pian guang xian wei jing xia shi xian le dui gong li zi jian ce 。da che cun zhi zhuang jin na mi cai liao nei yuan zhi jing 40±1.16nm,wai yuan zhi jing 70+2.45nm,pian guang xian wei jing xia cheng xian gong se liang dian 。zhi zhuang jin na mi cai liao you yu zi shen xing zhuang te dian ,zai pian guang xian wei jing xia ji guang jiang da xiao yu yang pin zi shen jiao du mo guan 。ji yu gong you dao zhi zhuang jin na mi cai liao xing bian wei qiu xing jin na mi cai liao de yuan li ,shi xian le dui gong li zi de jian ce ,jian ce fan wei wei 0.01-1μmol/L,xiang bi yu jin na mi bang he jin na mi san jiao pian jian ce ling min du geng gao 。
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论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自中南林业科技大学的俞淑芳，发表于刊物中南林业科技大学2019-09-29论文，是一篇关于各向异性纳米材料论文,偏光成像论文,汞离子论文,纳米颗粒形变论文,定量检测论文,中南林业科技大学2019-09-29论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自中南林业科技大学2019-09-29论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：各向异性纳米材料论文; 偏光成像论文; 汞离子论文; 纳米颗粒形变论文; 定量检测论文; 中南林业科技大学2019-09-29论文;