突触噪声作用下神经元细胞膜离子通道的温度效应

突触噪声作用下神经元细胞膜离子通道的温度效应

论文摘要

本文首先介绍了理论生物物理中神经生物学方面的进展。然后,给出了神经元的基本知识,包括神经元的基本结构,神经元细胞膜离子浓度的分布,离子电位梯度和平衡电位,神经元的静息电位、动作电位,接着本文给出了描述神经元膜两边电压变化的离子学说及Hodgkin-Huxley模型和它对应的方程。 随后本文介绍了随机共振和相干共振的一些基本概念,在Hodgkin Huxley神经元模型的基础上,给出了Hodgkin-Huxley方程的一些基本特性,比如说神经元的兴奋阈值、相锁定、分叉图等等。然后再神经元环境中加入噪声时,本文介绍了在无周期性信号和存在周期性信号两种不同的情况下,计算了神经元动作电位时间变化关系,并分析了系统中可能产生的随机共振和相干共振。 在前面介绍模型的基础上,本文考虑温度对神经元动作电位变化的影响。由于温度通过影响神经元细胞膜离子通道的打开、关闭几率来影响整个神经元的,是一个非常重要的因素,而已有的研究中却很少有从理论上来研究温度的影响。本文在Hodgkin-HuXley模型的基础上,加入了温度因子,用数值模拟的方法计算了系统的演化,研究了温度对神经元系统统计性质的影响。本文发现:1.温度升高会使得Hodgkin-Huxley神经元动作电位脉沖更为频繁,但如果温度太高,则会使得神经元动作电位消失。2.温度的升高会使得功率谱图变化,通过定义一个测量参数——相干因子β,在确定的噪声强度下,当温度在一定范围内升高时,系统从几乎没有相干状态变化到相干态,温度的升高会使得相干更强,但是在过高的温度条件下,会使得神经元动作电位消失,相干自然也不存在。

论文目录

  • 摘要
  • ABSTRACT(英文摘要)
  • 第一章 引言
  • 1.1 神经元系统中的噪声来源
  • 1.2 神经元细胞膜的温度效应,实验研究进展
  • 1.3 本论文的主要工作
  • 第二章 神经元的基本结构和活动过程
  • 2.1 神经元
  • 2.1.1 神经元的结构
  • 2.1.2 神经胶质细胞
  • 2.1.3 静息电位
  • 2.1.4 动作电位
  • 2.2 离子电导和Hodgkin Huxley模型
  • 2.2.1 离子电导
  • 2.2.2 Hodgkin-Hueley方程
  • 第三章 神经元系统中的随机动力学和方法
  • 3.1 随机共振和相干共振
  • 3.2 基本模型
  • 3.3 有噪声但无周期性信号的情况
  • 3.4 有噪声和周期性信号的情况
  • 第四章 温度对神经系统动作电位的影响
  • 4.1 温度对神经元系统的影响
  • 结论与展望
  • 4.2 展望
  • 参考文献
  • 致谢及声明
  • 相关论文文献

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    突触噪声作用下神经元细胞膜离子通道的温度效应
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