衔接手段在大学英语听说教学中的应用

衔接手段在大学英语听说教学中的应用

论文摘要

听和说是交际中不可或缺的两种基本语言能力。听是对语言进行听觉处理的过程;说是实现交际的手段。在英语听说教学中,二者应当结合起来。目前大学英语听力教学的研究主要注重的是对听力策略、听力理解及其过程的研究,而听和说一体化的研究并不多。笔者通过对学生听说状况的调查、教师教学方法的访谈,发现教师和学生更多关注的依然是对所听文本中的词汇和语法的识别,对句际逻辑关系、段落内容掌握不住,抓不住所听文本内在的衔接链;在口语语篇中,学生指代混乱、表达不清、缺乏逻辑,出现大量意义不完整的句子。大部分学生将听说视为英语学习中最耗时费力、难以见效的技能。语言不是存在于离散的词或句子中,而是存在于衔接连贯的语篇中。Halliday和Hasan(1976)将衔接分为五大类:指代、替代、省略、连接和词汇衔接,并认为衔接存在于语篇内部,是语篇的重要特征之一,衔接手段体现在语篇的表层结构上,形成语篇的有形网络。一段语言要成为语义连贯的语篇,必须要使用一种或几种衔接手段。本文正是基于Halliday和Hasan的衔接理论,采用实验教学,对如何将衔接手段应用到大学英语听说教学中展开研究,探索衔接手段对提高学生语篇听力和口语能力的有效性。为达到上述目的,实验教学选取青岛农业大学非英语专业2007级112名学生为受试对象,为期一个学期。教学中结合教学内容,通过实例分析,揭示衔接手段指导听说的具体运用,凝练为“衔接指导法”;并对学生前后测的数据进行统计分析验证“衔接指导法”对大学英语听说教学的有效性。为保证例证的可靠性和说服力,实验教学所选实例均来自《大学英语听说教程Ⅱ》。本研究尝试将衔接理论融入大学英语听说教学,通过衔接手段的恰当运用,大部分学生在听说中由过度关注单词和句子层面的理解转为对整个语篇的把握,并能够借助衔接手段较好地把握信息、理解语篇意义,口语表达中能够有意识借助一种或几种衔接手段形成意义连贯的口语语篇。从前后测试结果对比及学生在听说上的进步也说明此实验教学可行有效。当然,部分水平较差的学生在有意识地运用衔接手段辅助理解听力语篇和组织口语语篇上还有一定的困难。研究证明将基于衔接理论的“衔接指导法”用于大学英语听说教学效果明显,不仅可以提高学生对听说语篇的驾驭能力和理解能力,也有助于语言交际能力的提高,对教学有指导和借鉴意义,值得教师在教学中尝试并不断创新。本研究的创新点在于将听和说一体化的研究,尤其是将基于衔接理论的“衔接指导法”用于教学,有助于学生对听的文本理解和口语表达上升到语篇层次。

论文目录

  • 中文摘要
  • Abstract
  • Chapter 1 Introduction
  • Chapter 2 Literature Review
  • 2.1 Halliday and Hasan’s View on Cohesion
  • 2.2 Functions of Cohesive Devices
  • 2.2.1 Grammatical Cohesion
  • 2.2.2 Lexical Cohesion
  • 2.3 Relative Researches on Teaching of listening and Speaking
  • 2.3.1 The Nature of Listening and Speaking
  • 2.3.2 Views on Teaching of Listening and Speaking
  • Chapter 3 Research Methodology
  • 3.1 Objective of the Experimental Study
  • 3.2 Subjects of the Experimental Teaching
  • 3.3 Teaching Procedures
  • 3.3.1 Theoretical Instructions
  • 3.3.2 Application of Cohesion-focused Approach
  • 3.3.2.1 Application of Cohesion-focused Approach in Listening
  • 3.3.2.2 Application of Cohesion-focused Approach in Speaking
  • 3.3.3 Comparison between the Pre-test and Post-test
  • 3.4 Data Collection
  • 3.4.1 Data Collection of Pre-test
  • 3.4.2 Data Collection of Post-test
  • 3.5 Data Analysis
  • 3.5.1 Comparison of Students’Listening Performance in the Pre-test
  • 3.5.2 Comparison of Students’Listening Performance in the Post-test
  • 3.5.3 Comparison of the Pre-test and Post-test within the EG
  • 3.5.4 Spoken Discourse of the EG
  • Chapter 4 Findings and Implications
  • 4.1 Findings of the Research
  • 4.1.1 Performance of Listening
  • 4.1.2 Performance of Speaking
  • 4.2 Implications
  • 4.3 Suggestions
  • Chapter 5 Conclusion
  • Bibliography
  • Appendix I
  • Appendix II
  • Appendix III
  • Acknowledgements
  • 攻读硕士学位期间发表论文目录
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    衔接手段在大学英语听说教学中的应用
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