听―写测试中背景信息输入对中国学生对比型说明文写作的影响

听―写测试中背景信息输入对中国学生对比型说明文写作的影响

论文摘要

综合型测试新题型如读-写、听-写测试模式中让受试者读一篇文章或听一些材料,目的在于给受试者提供一定的话题知识(topic knowledge),让受试者根据所给相应话题知识进行写作,从而解决由于缺乏话题知识而影响受试者的成绩,进而威胁到测试效度的问题。本文着重研究听-写综合测试模式中文化背景信息输入对学生比较型说明文写作的影响。通过研究受试者在此题型和独立写作题型中的表现和对受试者受试结果和考试成绩的分析,首先集中探讨了这种新题型中听写信息输入对考生的写作和考试策略的影响及其表现,然后讨论了这种新题型中文化背景信息输入对于考生的影响,并简论该测试模式的可行性。研究主要采取文本分析的形式,利用软件并辅以人工鉴别,并结合学生受试前和受试后问卷的数据分析。实验共分三组,对照组,实验组I(听一遍录音)和实验组II(听两遍录音),所有数据均用数据软件包SPSS 11.0处理。结果显示受试者在听-写题型中的写作在许多方面有别于其在传统测试中的表现,且这种差别相对比较显著。独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析或非参数统计两独立样本检验显示,在相关语汇使用频率和听力内容使用频率方面实验组与对照组差异显著。研究还发现,做新题型时考生作文文本长度、句法复杂程度(含平均句子长度)与对照组差异显著。但在词汇复杂程度、语法的准确性方面,未见输入有明显的积极影响,且对照组的词汇复杂程度和语法准确性较实验组高,与信息输入关系不明显。问卷调查数据也证明,相当一部分考生认为听力信息输入为其写作提供了重要帮助,以及少部分考生认为听力难度较大,无法从中获取相关信息,从而影响写作正常进行。以上可以看出,此新题型中听力输入对水平较高考生发挥其写作水平有积极影响。因此,此题型的适用范围可能应当适当的限制在一定范围内,如中高级英语学习者。最后,文章讨论了此研究结果对于测试研究和教学实践的启示,并建议进一步研究其他因子的输入对于考生测试结果的影响,以及从更多方面考评此测试新题型的效用。

论文目录

  • 中文摘要
  • Abstract
  • Chapter One Introduction
  • 1.1 Background
  • 1.2 Overview of the thesis
  • Chapter Two Review of literature
  • 2.1 Trends in listening assessment
  • 2.2 Trends in writing assessment
  • 2.3 Importance of the topic knowledge and the input
  • 2.4 Integrated or discrete?
  • Chapter Three Research design and methodology
  • 3.1 Research question: Why is cultural information input under discussion
  • 3.2 Research design and methodology
  • 3.2.1 Overview of the research design
  • 3.2.2 Subjects
  • 3.2.3 Materials
  • 3.2.4 Experiment & procedure
  • 3.3 Some assumptions before the experiment
  • 3.4 Data analysis
  • 3.4.1 Operational definitions
  • 3.4.2 Ultraedit-based text analysis
  • 3.4.3 Questionnaire-based analysis
  • 3.4.4 Other software & statistical tools
  • Chapter Four Results and discussions
  • 4.1 Impact of the listening input
  • 4.1.1 Examinees’self-rating of task difficulty
  • 4.1.2 Comparison of writing quality with / without the input
  • 4.1.2.1 Comparison of overall writing quality
  • 4.1.2.2 Appropriateness of the contrast
  • 4.1.2.3 Performances of examinees at different levels on the independent and the integrated tasks
  • 4.1.3 Analysis of textual features of the examinees’writing
  • 4.1.3.1 Text length
  • 4.1.3.2 Lexical complexity
  • 4.1.3.3 Syntactic complexity
  • 4.1.3.4 Grammar accuracy
  • 4.1.4 Influences of the cultural background information input
  • 4.1.4.1 Influences of the listening input on the appropriateness of the cultural information
  • 4.1.4.2 The verbatim use words and phrases from the source text
  • 4.1.4.3 The use of cultural information form the input in writing
  • 4.2 Influences on test-taking strategies in the listening-writing test
  • 4.3 The feasibility and limitation of the integrated test
  • 4.4 Exceptions
  • Chapter Five Conclusions
  • 5.1 Summary of the findings and their implications
  • 5.2 Limitations and suggestions for further research
  • Bibliography
  • 致谢、声明
  • Appendices
  • Appendix A Questionnaire for the independent writing group (Ex0)
  • Appendix B Writing task for the independent writing group (Ex0)
  • Appendix C Questionnaire for the integrated writing groups (Ex1&Ex2)
  • Appendix D Writing task for the integrated writing groups (Ex1&Ex2)
  • Appendix E Tapescripts of the listening input
  • Appendix F Independent writing task scoring guidelines
  • Appendix G Listening-writing task scoring guidelines
  • Appendix H A sample of analysis of test-taker’s writing
  • 个人简历、在学期间的研究成果及发表的学术论文
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    听―写测试中背景信息输入对中国学生对比型说明文写作的影响
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