论文摘要
量词是汉语11大词类中最后划类定名的词类,其早期研究主要集中在确立量词在语法系统中的地位以及量词小类的划分上。汉语量词在发展阶段取得了显著的成绩,研究内容正在得到进一步的深化和延伸,不仅对量词分布特征、语义特征、语法特征和修辞特征进行了解释,同时还借用认知语言学中的相关知识从理论层面进行了诠释。尽管英语中数量的概念主要是通过单复数形式出现,并没有确立量词这一词类,但是像“a bunch of flowers”这样的表量结构已经引起了语言学家的广泛关注,并从功能角度、概念语义角度以及认知角度进行了研究。在本研究中,我们将英语中的表量结构也称之为量词。通过分析汉英量词的研究过程,可以看出从认知角度出发对汉英量词进行研究是一个共同趋势。因此,本文将从认知语言学中的识解理论、隐喻理论和范畴化理论这三个方面对汉英量词中表形状的量词展开考察。本文共分为六章。第一章介绍了本文的研究背景、研究范围和组织结构。第二章介绍了认知语言学中识解理论、隐喻理论和范畴化理论的研究和发展状况。第三章是形状量词的分类,本文从空间角度出发将汉英表形状的量词分为零维量词、一维量词、二维量词和三维量词。通过对比分析发现,量词的空间维度特征可以运用连接意象图式、整体部分意象图式和容器图式进行认知解读。第四章借用隐喻理论对汉英表形状量词的认知机制进行分析,将其分为单意象认知模型和双意象认知模型。单意象认知模型从部分和整体角度对量词选择的认知机制进行阐述,而双意象模型则从相似性和相关性的角度进行解读。第五章探讨了汉英表形状量词中存在的“一物多量”和“一量多物”现象,从识解理论的角度对汉英表形状量词中的“一物多量”现象进行阐述,以及运用隐喻、转喻以及范畴化理论对“一量多物”现象进行解读。第六章为结论。本文在现有研究成果的基础上,借鉴认知语言学中的相关理论对表形状的汉英量词进行重新分类。此外,通过分析汉英表形状量词的相同点,旨在说明英语中量词存在的现实性和必然性,为英语量词词类的确立做一些早期的研究工作,同时也为第二外语习得提供理论上的指导。
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标签:量词论文; 识解理论论文; 隐喻理论论文; 范畴化理论论文; 一物多量和一量多物论文;