本文主要研究内容
作者焦学艺（2019）在《外源多巴胺对苹果幼苗碱胁迫的缓解作用及其机理研究》一文中研究指出：西北地区是苹果优产区和主产区,昼夜温差大,光照充足,为苹果优良品质奠定基础,但是该地区年降水量少且蒸发量大,致使返碱现象突出,土壤盐碱化日益严重,土壤pH值高达8.0,与苹果适宜在微酸性土壤中生长相违背,不利于我国苹果产业可持续发展。除干旱胁迫之外,盐碱胁迫成为该苹果产区制约苹果产量及品质的重要因素。碱胁迫抑制植物生长发育的同时,还制约农作物生产和生态环境建设。目前发现有很多外源物质如甜菜碱、腐殖酸、γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）、褪黑素、亚精胺（Spd）等能提高植物的抗逆能力,缓解胁迫对植物造成的抑制作用,但很少有研究外源多巴胺对苹果适应碱胁迫的缓解作用。本试验以平邑甜茶（M.hupenensis Rehd.）为材料,通过水培试验筛选了在碱胁迫条件下外源多巴胺缓解植株生长的适宜浓度,以及外源多巴胺对碱环境中苹果幼苗生长、养分代谢、抗氧化活性和有机酸积累的影响,研究结果如下:1、碱胁迫处理15 d后,苹果幼苗生长受到抑制,但在施用外源多巴胺之后碱胁迫对苹果幼苗的伤害得到明显缓解。对苹果幼苗而言,不同浓度的多巴胺对碱胁迫缓解作用有所不同,其幼苗鲜重、干重、净生长量、净光合速率（Pn）、胞间二氧化碳浓度（Ci）、叶绿素及类胡萝卜素含量等指标变化程度不同。0.1 mM多巴胺浓度对苹果幼苗碱胁迫的缓解效果最佳,其净光合速率是碱胁迫处理组的2.3倍。因此,该试验前期确定0.1 mM多巴胺浓度为缓解碱胁迫抑制作用最适宜的浓度。2、外源多巴胺影响碱胁迫下苹果幼苗的生长。与对照相比,碱胁迫降低了苹果幼苗的株高、叶绿素水平及叶绿素荧光值,抑制了幼苗根系生长发育,增大了幼苗叶片、根系的相对电导率及根冠比,但是施加0.1 mM多巴胺之后碱胁迫对幼苗生长的抑制作用得到显著缓解,碱胁迫下施加多巴胺后幼苗叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量与碱胁迫相比分别升高了68.5%、75.5%、70.6%和74.3%,说明在碱胁迫条件下外源多巴胺能够促进苹果幼苗的生长,缓解碱胁迫的抑制作用。3、外源多巴胺影响碱胁下苹果幼苗养分的吸收和利用。与对照相比,碱胁迫降低了苹果幼苗根、茎和叶中N、P、K、S、Ca、Mn、Zn和Mo元素含量。叶片中Mg和Fe含量下降,这可能与光合作用减弱及叶片黄化有关。但是,在碱胁迫条件下施用外源多巴胺之后,幼苗根茎叶中N、P、S和Mo含量都上升,叶片中K、Zn、Ca、Mg和Mn元素显著升高,茎中K、Zn、Fe、Ca和Mg元素含量反而降低。Na和B元素含量在碱胁迫条件下与对照相比显著升高,施加多巴胺后含量显著降低。碱胁迫降低了苹果幼苗叶片中硝酸还原酶（NR）、谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）和酸性磷酸酶（ACP）的活性,下调与氮代谢部分相关基因（MdNRT1.7、MdNRT2.7、MdNRT2.4）的表达,外源多巴胺升高了NR、GS、ACP的酶活性,使苹果幼苗叶片中MdNRT1.7、MdNRT2.7、MdNRT2.4等基因表达量增加。这都说明多巴胺可以缓解碱胁迫对幼苗养分吸收的抑制作用,促进幼苗对矿质元素的吸收和有效利用。4、外源多巴胺影响碱胁迫下苹果幼苗的抗氧化活性。与对照相比,碱胁迫条件下幼苗根茎叶中内源多巴胺、叶片中丙二醛（MDA）和过氧化氢（H2O2）含量都上升,叶片中过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物酶（POD）及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性都下降。但是,碱胁迫条件下外施多巴胺后各组织中内源多巴胺、叶片中CAT、POD和SOD活性都显著升高,叶片中MDA和H2O2含量显著降低。这些结果表明外源多巴胺能够增加碱胁迫下苹果幼苗抗氧化能力,提高抗逆性,以便迅速适应碱性环境。5、外源多巴胺影响碱胁迫下苹果幼苗有机酸含量。与对照相比,碱胁迫条件下苹果幼苗叶片中苹果酸和柠檬酸含量显著升高,外施多巴胺后苹果幼苗在碱胁迫条件下苹果酸积累量继续增加,但与碱胁迫处理之间差异不显著,而柠檬酸积累量显著降低。该作用机理还有待进一步研究。综上,外源多巴胺能够促进碱环境中苹果幼苗生长和幼苗对养分的吸收利用,提高苹果幼苗的抗氧化能力,增加有机酸在幼苗体内的积累,从而有利于幼苗缓解碱胁迫。
Abstract
xi bei de ou shi ping guo you chan ou he zhu chan ou ,zhou ye wen cha da ,guang zhao chong zu ,wei ping guo you liang pin zhi dian ding ji chu ,dan shi gai de ou nian jiang shui liang shao ju zheng fa liang da ,zhi shi fan jian xian xiang tu chu ,tu rang yan jian hua ri yi yan chong ,tu rang pHzhi gao da 8.0,yu ping guo kuo yi zai wei suan xing tu rang zhong sheng chang xiang wei bei ,bu li yu wo guo ping guo chan ye ke chi xu fa zhan 。chu gan han xie pai zhi wai ,yan jian xie pai cheng wei gai ping guo chan ou zhi yao ping guo chan liang ji pin zhi de chong yao yin su 。jian xie pai yi zhi zhi wu sheng chang fa yo de tong shi ,hai zhi yao nong zuo wu sheng chan he sheng tai huan jing jian she 。mu qian fa xian you hen duo wai yuan wu zhi ru tian cai jian 、fu shi suan 、γ-an ji ding suan （GABA）、tui hei su 、ya jing an （Spd）deng neng di gao zhi wu de kang ni neng li ,huan jie xie pai dui zhi wu zao cheng de yi zhi zuo yong ,dan hen shao you yan jiu wai yuan duo ba an dui ping guo kuo ying jian xie pai de huan jie zuo yong 。ben shi yan yi ping yi tian cha （M.hupenensis Rehd.）wei cai liao ,tong guo shui pei shi yan shai shua le zai jian xie pai tiao jian xia wai yuan duo ba an huan jie zhi zhu sheng chang de kuo yi nong du ,yi ji wai yuan duo ba an dui jian huan jing zhong ping guo you miao sheng chang 、yang fen dai xie 、kang yang hua huo xing he you ji suan ji lei de ying xiang ,yan jiu jie guo ru xia :1、jian xie pai chu li 15 dhou ,ping guo you miao sheng chang shou dao yi zhi ,dan zai shi yong wai yuan duo ba an zhi hou jian xie pai dui ping guo you miao de shang hai de dao ming xian huan jie 。dui ping guo you miao er yan ,bu tong nong du de duo ba an dui jian xie pai huan jie zuo yong you suo bu tong ,ji you miao xian chong 、gan chong 、jing sheng chang liang 、jing guang ge su lv （Pn）、bao jian er yang hua tan nong du （Ci）、xie lu su ji lei hu luo bo su han liang deng zhi biao bian hua cheng du bu tong 。0.1 mMduo ba an nong du dui ping guo you miao jian xie pai de huan jie xiao guo zui jia ,ji jing guang ge su lv shi jian xie pai chu li zu de 2.3bei 。yin ci ,gai shi yan qian ji que ding 0.1 mMduo ba an nong du wei huan jie jian xie pai yi zhi zuo yong zui kuo yi de nong du 。2、wai yuan duo ba an ying xiang jian xie pai xia ping guo you miao de sheng chang 。yu dui zhao xiang bi ,jian xie pai jiang di le ping guo you miao de zhu gao 、xie lu su shui ping ji xie lu su ying guang zhi ,yi zhi le you miao gen ji sheng chang fa yo ,zeng da le you miao xie pian 、gen ji de xiang dui dian dao lv ji gen guan bi ,dan shi shi jia 0.1 mMduo ba an zhi hou jian xie pai dui you miao sheng chang de yi zhi zuo yong de dao xian zhe huan jie ,jian xie pai xia shi jia duo ba an hou you miao xie lu su a、xie lu su b、zong xie lu su 、lei hu luo bo su han liang yu jian xie pai xiang bi fen bie sheng gao le 68.5%、75.5%、70.6%he 74.3%,shui ming zai jian xie pai tiao jian xia wai yuan duo ba an neng gou cu jin ping guo you miao de sheng chang ,huan jie jian xie pai de yi zhi zuo yong 。3、wai yuan duo ba an ying xiang jian xie xia ping guo you miao yang fen de xi shou he li yong 。yu dui zhao xiang bi ,jian xie pai jiang di le ping guo you miao gen 、jing he xie zhong N、P、K、S、Ca、Mn、Znhe Moyuan su han liang 。xie pian zhong Mghe Fehan liang xia jiang ,zhe ke neng yu guang ge zuo yong jian ruo ji xie pian huang hua you guan 。dan shi ,zai jian xie pai tiao jian xia shi yong wai yuan duo ba an zhi hou ,you miao gen jing xie zhong N、P、She Mohan liang dou shang sheng ,xie pian zhong K、Zn、Ca、Mghe Mnyuan su xian zhe sheng gao ,jing zhong K、Zn、Fe、Cahe Mgyuan su han liang fan er jiang di 。Nahe Byuan su han liang zai jian xie pai tiao jian xia yu dui zhao xiang bi xian zhe sheng gao ,shi jia duo ba an hou han liang xian zhe jiang di 。jian xie pai jiang di le ping guo you miao xie pian zhong xiao suan hai yuan mei （NR）、gu an xian an ge cheng mei （GS）he suan xing lin suan mei （ACP）de huo xing ,xia diao yu dan dai xie bu fen xiang guan ji yin （MdNRT1.7、MdNRT2.7、MdNRT2.4）de biao da ,wai yuan duo ba an sheng gao le NR、GS、ACPde mei huo xing ,shi ping guo you miao xie pian zhong MdNRT1.7、MdNRT2.7、MdNRT2.4deng ji yin biao da liang zeng jia 。zhe dou shui ming duo ba an ke yi huan jie jian xie pai dui you miao yang fen xi shou de yi zhi zuo yong ,cu jin you miao dui kuang zhi yuan su de xi shou he you xiao li yong 。4、wai yuan duo ba an ying xiang jian xie pai xia ping guo you miao de kang yang hua huo xing 。yu dui zhao xiang bi ,jian xie pai tiao jian xia you miao gen jing xie zhong nei yuan duo ba an 、xie pian zhong bing er quan （MDA）he guo yang hua qing （H2O2）han liang dou shang sheng ,xie pian zhong guo yang hua qing mei （CAT）、guo yang hua wu mei （POD）ji chao yang hua wu qi hua mei （SOD）huo xing dou xia jiang 。dan shi ,jian xie pai tiao jian xia wai shi duo ba an hou ge zu zhi zhong nei yuan duo ba an 、xie pian zhong CAT、PODhe SODhuo xing dou xian zhe sheng gao ,xie pian zhong MDAhe H2O2han liang xian zhe jiang di 。zhe xie jie guo biao ming wai yuan duo ba an neng gou zeng jia jian xie pai xia ping guo you miao kang yang hua neng li ,di gao kang ni xing ,yi bian xun su kuo ying jian xing huan jing 。5、wai yuan duo ba an ying xiang jian xie pai xia ping guo you miao you ji suan han liang 。yu dui zhao xiang bi ,jian xie pai tiao jian xia ping guo you miao xie pian zhong ping guo suan he ning meng suan han liang xian zhe sheng gao ,wai shi duo ba an hou ping guo you miao zai jian xie pai tiao jian xia ping guo suan ji lei liang ji xu zeng jia ,dan yu jian xie pai chu li zhi jian cha yi bu xian zhe ,er ning meng suan ji lei liang xian zhe jiang di 。gai zuo yong ji li hai you dai jin yi bu yan jiu 。zeng shang ,wai yuan duo ba an neng gou cu jin jian huan jing zhong ping guo you miao sheng chang he you miao dui yang fen de xi shou li yong ,di gao ping guo you miao de kang yang hua neng li ,zeng jia you ji suan zai you miao ti nei de ji lei ,cong er you li yu you miao huan jie jian xie pai 。
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论文作者分别是来自西北农林科技大学的焦学艺，发表于刊物西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文，是一篇关于苹果论文,碱胁迫论文,多巴胺论文,养分积累论文,抗氧化活性论文,有机酸论文,西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：苹果论文; 碱胁迫论文; 多巴胺论文; 养分积累论文; 抗氧化活性论文; 有机酸论文; 西北农林科技大学2019-07-11论文;