论文摘要
本文以马克思主义哲学基本观点为指导,对灾害进行哲学反思,目的是揭明灾害本质及其生成规律,挖掘人类与灾害对立的思想根源和反思灾害的价值意义。在对灾害进行本体论追问的基础上,对灾害因素进行认识论分析,指出人是灾害最关键性因素。从人的主体地位丧失、人的价值取向变异、资本的无限扩张和主观能动性的消解,揭示人的价值取向及实践行为是引发灾害的深层根源。为了从根本上改变人与自然的对立冲突,避免灾害生成,提出人类必须建立科学的灾害观,应当以创建科学的灾害防控观、规范人类改造自然行为、提高人口防控灾害素质和加强社会运行系统防控为准则,来引导人的行为。最后,就灾害反思的价值意义进行了全面阐述,指出人与自然的和谐发展是人类追求的目标,人必须处理好自身利益与人类生存利益的关系,最终实现人与自然的更高层次的和谐。
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