论文摘要
在当今世界建筑结构中,混凝土是运用最广泛、用量最多的建筑材料之一,具有抗压强度较大但抗拉强度很小的特点。一旦混凝土所受的应力超过其极限抗拉强度时,就会出现裂缝,降低混凝土结构的抗渗和抗疲劳等性能,导致水分及有害物质的渗入,加速钢筋的锈蚀和混凝土的自然老化,最终损害结构的使用功能和耐久性,直接危害混凝土工程安全。在大型混凝土结构安全检测中,混凝土裂缝是一项重要的指标。全方位在线监测混凝土裂缝,对预示和征兆混凝土工程中的险情具有重要意义,并根据监测结果进行及时的原因分析和修复,是保障混凝土结构稳定、安全运行的有效措施。本文以玻璃纤维增强塑料(GFRP)单芯应变传感光缆作为Brillouin OTDR分布式传感技术的光信号传输通路和传感器,对混凝土裂缝的测量进行了相关理论分析和实验研究。采用贴附法将GFRP单芯应变传感光缆与纵向钢筋成30°、60°、90°埋设于钢筋混凝土试件的中间部位,在温度和外加应力的作用下,光纤中的背向布里渊散射光频率将产生相应的移位。本文主要研究内容如下:(1)对GFRP单芯应变传感光缆进行了加卸载拉伸实验,获得其应变影响参数为1.04,进行三次水浴法温升实验,获得GFRP单芯应变传感光缆的温度影响参数为0.93。(2)设计了混凝土试件的尺寸和GFRP单芯应变传感光缆在混凝土试件中的布设线路,选择贴附法完成了GFRP单芯应变传感光缆的埋设,建立了分布式监测线路与混凝土试件之间的拓扑关系。(3)对混凝土凝固养护过程中的温度裂缝和凝固后外力作用下的受力裂缝进行了监测。监测结果表明:混凝土试件浇筑完成当天应变呈增大趋势,应变变化量区间为520με~2200με,随着混凝土的逐渐凝固应变趋向稳定。凝固后,外力作用使得应变变化量呈增大趋势,随着裂缝的产生,在光缆433.8 m处达到最大应变变化量2318με。(4)建立了基于Brillouin OTDR的混凝土垫层裂缝监测系统,采用.NET技术设计并开发了混凝土垫层裂缝监测软件,对混凝土垫层裂缝数据进行了分析处理,实现了混凝土垫层裂缝产生前预报裂缝和裂缝产生后监测裂缝的功能。
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标签:混凝土裂缝论文; 单芯应变传感光缆论文; 频移论文;