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认知隐喻在诗歌中的语篇功能

2020-12-16阅读(926)

认知隐喻在诗歌中的语篇功能

论文摘要

隐喻研究既古老又新兴。古老是因为我们对这个问题的探索已有2000多年的研究历史;说它新兴,因为隐喻几经转型:修辞学---语义学---认知隐喻---隐喻多学科研究,已从最初的传统修辞层面走向当代认知语言学研究,已从过去被当作一种语言的偏离现象到认知语言学研究的显学。当今,隐喻已不仅仅是一种语言现象,它更是人类认识自身和感知客观世界的一种认知能力,一种思维方式。近三十年来认知语言学对隐喻的研究已在多个方面取得进展,集中体现在词汇、短语和句子层面。而相比词语和句子层面更大的单位-----语篇层面,隐喻研究则有所忽视和呈现出明显的不足。意义的构建在很大程度上归属于语篇。隐喻作为一种思维方式和认知工具,从理论与实践上可以体现在语言的各个层面,不仅是个别单词、短语、句子,还可以在语篇层面上延伸和扩展。语篇层面上的隐喻研究,突破了传统隐喻研究把注意力集中在词汇、短语、句子层面上的限制,把隐喻看作是一种强有力的认知工具与语篇构建组织的策略,在更为广阔的语言环境中寻求隐喻意义的生成机制,以语篇隐喻为窗口探索人类语言的功能。诗歌作为一种特殊的文学样式,与隐喻有着密切的联系。隐喻是诗歌的生命原则和组织材料,诗歌语篇的构建在很大程度上归功于隐喻的使用。因此本文选取诗歌为分析材料,探索认知隐喻在诗歌中的语篇功能,实现了认知隐喻理论同功能语言学理论的结合,寻找出认知隐喻在诗歌的语篇功能,加深我们对诗歌语篇的理解。同时,进一步丰富语篇研究的内容,扩大语篇研究的范围。隐喻本身的性质即从始源域到目标域的系统映射赋予了隐喻的语篇功能。隐喻的本质是通过一事物认知另一事物。在诗歌的语篇中,我们总是通过简单隐喻理解复杂隐喻。诗人将日常简单的概念隐喻组合成复杂有趣的诗歌隐喻,这就形成了隐喻的语篇认知功能。在认知隐喻的两个域之间映射和认知基础相似性的基础上,通过对隐含意义的补足或阐释,形成对话语相对完备的表达与理解,隐喻推理很好地实现了诗歌语篇连贯与衔接。隐喻作为人类的认知方式,通过系统映射和隐喻度对诗歌语篇的具有建构和组织功能。隐喻的相似与创新性使诗歌创造出诗歌文学意象,隐喻对诗歌的主题具有模糊和阐释双重矛盾的作用。通过语篇隐喻这种文学技巧,诗人委婉模糊的表达自己的感情,实现了整个语篇的隐喻。隐喻的理解,受多种因素的影响与制约。隐喻高度依赖语境,无论是语义选择,还是语义空缺填补与隐含意义的推出都离不开语境。隐喻的哲学基础是体验哲学,身体经验又离不开特定的物理、社会与文化环境,因此隐喻与民族历史、文化关系密切。探求隐喻的跨文化普遍性与特殊性,是隐喻研究和培养隐喻能力亟待解决的问题。

论文目录

  • Acknowledgements
  • Abstract
  • 内容摘要
  • Chapter 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 Preliminary
  • 1.2 Background of the study
  • 1.3 Significance of study
  • 1.3.1 Theoretical significance
  • 1.3.2 Practical significance
  • 1.4 Structure of the thesis
  • Chapter 2 Literature Review on Metaphor Study at Discourse Level
  • 2.1 Study Abroad
  • 2.1.1 Metaphor research at discourse level
  • 2.1.2 Application metaphor to language teaching
  • 2.1.3 Cognitive function of metaphor
  • 2.1.4 Application metaphor into literature discourse
  • 2.1.5 Supplement to cohesive theory
  • 2.2 Study in China
  • 2.2.1 Cohesive function of metaphor
  • 2.2.2 Organizing function of metaphor
  • 2.2.3 Some research at discourse level
  • 2.3 Comments
  • 2.4 Summary
  • Chapter 3 Theoretical Foundations for Discourse Functions of Cognitive Metaphor
  • 3.1 Cognitive metaphor turn
  • 3.2 Lakoff’s classification of metaphor
  • 3.2.1 Orientational metaphors
  • 3.2.2 Ontological metaphors
  • 3.2.3 Structural metaphors
  • 3.3 Conceptual blending theory
  • 3.3.1 The original of mental spaces
  • 3.3.2 Elements of conceptual blending theory
  • 3.4 Metaphor work mechanism
  • 3.4.1 Definition and classification of mappings
  • 3.4.2 Nature of mappings
  • 3.4.3 Metaphor as category
  • 3.5 The experientialist philosophy
  • 3.5.1 The myths of objectivism and subjectivism
  • 3.5.2 Three representatial approaches
  • 3.6 Summary
  • Chapter 4 Discourse Functions of Cognitive Metaphor in Poems
  • 4.1 Cognitive discourse function of cognitive metaphor
  • 4.1.1 Discourse manifestations of metaphors
  • 4.1.2 Similarity and analogy
  • 4.1.3 Analysis of cognitive discourse function in poetry
  • 4.2 Cohesion and coherence of cognitive metaphor
  • 4.2.1 Relationship of cohesion and coherence
  • 4.2.2 Metaphorical cohesion and coherence
  • 4.2.3 Semantic feature and coherence
  • 4.3 Discourse organizing function of cognitive metaphor
  • 4.3.1 Metaphorical chunk
  • 4.3.2 Metaphoricity and discourse constructing
  • 4.4 The theme function of cognitive metaphor
  • 4.4.1 Uncertain and diversity of metaphor themes
  • 4.4.2 Metaphor theme in whole discourse
  • 4.4.3 Metaphor themes are vague images
  • 4.5 Textual metaphor in discourse
  • 4.5.1 The definition of textual metaphor
  • 4.5.2 Analysis on ancient Chinese poetry
  • 4.6 Summary
  • Chapter 5 Conclusion
  • 5.1 Some Factors Affecting Metaphor
  • 5.1.1 Context
  • 5.1.2 Culture
  • 5.1.3 History and nation tradition
  • 5.2 Conclusion
  • 5.3 Limitations and points for further study
  • Bibliography
  • Publications

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