顺应理论对隐喻理解的影响

论文摘要

隐喻是复杂的社会文化现象和心理现象,其产生和理解都是语言使用者对语言形式和策略的选择。本文从认知语言学和语用学的角度来探讨隐喻的工作机制。维索尔伦的顺应性理论能很好地解释隐喻的产生及理解机制。语言使用者会顺应语境,包括心理世界、社会世界和物质世界。这一顺应过程是动态的,是语言使用者有意识地顺应。隐喻的产生和理解必然包括连续不断地做出选择,这种选择是有意识或无意识的,并指出选择也是在一定语境下进行的。具体表现在,说话者和听话者在生成和理解隐喻性话语时都会自觉或不自觉地顺应交际要求,以保证相互的交际目的,即说话人会积极顺应交际目的,而听话人会主动顺应地构建说话人的意图以完成交际目的。本文从顺应理论的角度来理解和分析隐喻,试图从新的角度来祢补其它隐喻的不足,为使用和理解隐喻提供借鉴。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Acknowledgements
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• Chapter 2 Theoretical Background
• 2.1 The Rhetorical Approach to Metaphor
• 2.2 The Semantic Approach to Metaphor
• 2.3 The Cognitive Approach to Metaphor
• 2.4 The Pragmatic Approach to Metaphor
• 2.4.1 Grice's View
• 2.4.2 Searle's View
• 2.5 Summary
• Chapter 3 The Adaptation Theory and Metaphor
• 3.1 Verschueren's Adaptation Theory
• 3.2 The Working Mechanism of Metaphor
• 3.2.1 From the Speaker's Point of View to Metaphor's Adaptability
• 3.3.2 From the Hearer's Point of View to Metaphor's Adaptability
• 3.3 Metaphor as Salient Adaptation to Context in a Dynamic Way
• 3.3.1 Features of Context
• 3.3.2 The Importance of Context in the Analysis of Metaphor
• 3.3.3 The Adaptative Context on Metaphor
• Chapter 4 The Application of the Adaptation Theory to the Analysis of Metaphor
• 4.1 Adaptation to the Social World by Means of Metaphor
• 4.1.1 Adaptation to Culture
• 4.2 Adaptation to the Mental World by Means of Metaphor
• 4.2.1 Adaptation to the Personalities of Communicators
• 4.2.2 Adaptation to the Emotions of Communicators
• 4.2.3 Adaptation to the Intentions of Communicators
• 4.3 Adaptation to the Physical World by Means of Metaphor
• 4.3.1 Adaptation to Time
• 4.3.2 Adaptation to Space
• Chapter 5 Conclusion
• Works Cited
• 攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文和取得的科研成果