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关联与操纵：翻译过程的认知与交际研究

2020-12-03阅读(968)

关联与操纵：翻译过程的认知与交际研究

论文摘要

本文以文学翻译作品为语料,采用关联的语用学视角对翻译过程进行探索。本文作者在斯波伯和威尔森所提出的关联理论的基础上尝试性地构建翻译过程动态研究的理论框架,旨在通过描述翻译过程中译者大脑认知与产出的动态决策过程针对翻译策略与翻译批评提出一些有实际价值的意见。本文重点是研究译者在进行跨文化交际时如何取得与原文作者相似的认知效果,并以合适方式传达给目的语读者,以便在目的语文化中产生认知共鸣。本文最终目的在于探讨跨文化交际中译者的中介作用以及成功实现跨文化交际的可能性,即译者在翻译过程中对译文进行选择和调整,在尽量满足交际的最大关联性与最佳关联性的情况下,最贴近地传达原作的意图与语境效果,并同时迎合目的语读者的审美期待与接受程度。本文分为四章进行论述:内容概述简要回顾了西方翻译研究在中国与西方发展的现状。笔者认为,现在的翻译研究不再停留于单一的文本研究,而是呈现出一种多学科相互交叉、影响的发展趋势,语言学、心理学、人类学以及文化研究都开始介入翻译研究的领域。同时,对某个译文文本的分析也开始更多地考虑其语境因素,如语义含义、交际意义等。目前,笔者在此篇论文中认为对翻译的研究模式也应该由过去的针对文本的静态研究逐步转向针对翻译过程的动态研究。鉴于此,本文在第一章中简要介绍了贝尔所构建的翻译过程的模型,并指出其不足,即模型本身设计虽力求精确但似乎过于繁冗,在实际分析翻译过程时缺乏可操作性。本章还借鉴了格特的关联翻译观,特别是其关于解释性相似以及直接翻译、间接翻译的论述。接下来,本章重点阐述了本文研究的理论基础,即斯波伯与威尔森两人提出的关联理论,并解释了其中的关联性、通报意图与交际意图、显性意义与隐性意义等几个核心概念。此外本章还涉及海特姆与梅森的关于译者中介的论述,以及王寅提出的翻译的认知语言学观一同作为本文的理论基础。第二章,笔者通过重新解读斯波伯与威尔森的关联性,尝试将其分解成基于读者的最大关联性和基于作者的最佳关联性,并以此为基础试图建立一个针对翻译过程研究的模式——以关联性为基础的翻译模式。该模式首先将翻译过程作为一种明示-推理交际行为进行研究,尝试分析译者在面对文化障碍时如何发挥其主体性以求在译语文化中产生与原著的认知共鸣。这里我们已经开始关注译者的心理分析,并注重对译者大脑信息处理模式的考察。为研究之便,本文大胆地将整个翻译过程分为话语理解阶段与话语产出阶段。但此处须指出的是,以上两个阶段在现实情况下几乎是同时或反复进行的。第三章与第四章分别详尽描述译者在话语理解阶段通过对强式交际与弱式交际、显性意义与隐性意义以及过程意义的推理来理解原著的意图,并在话语产出阶段基于对上下文语境、社会-文化语境、文体因素以及目的语读者的审美期待与接受程度的考虑在译语认知环境中主观地调整与操纵译文。在结束语中,我们简要总结了本文所探讨的文学翻译过程中译者主观的认知努力,同时,也指出本文的不足,由于学识所限,在这么短的时间内笔者所分析的语料尚不够丰富,对文学翻译过程的解读也许不够客观全面,偏颇之处在所难免。由于文学作品本身具有内涵丰富、意义多变的特点,笔者认为不论在文学翻译实践还是教学中,我们一定要摆脱所谓“标准答案”的禁锢。此外,翻译应该是一种以读者为导向的行为,这就要求每一位译者或正在从事翻译训练的学生要反复重读手头的文本,并在综合考虑潜在目的语读者的要求的前提下产出更理想的译文。

论文目录

  • Synopsis
  • 摘要
  • Introduction
  • 0.1 The Object of the Present Research
  • 0.2 The Rationale of the Present Research
  • 0.3 The Objectives of the Present Research
  • 0.4 The Outline of the Present Thesis
  • Chapter One A Review of Relevant Pragmatic Studies
  • 1.1 Roger T.Bell's Translating Model
  • 1.2 The Relevance-Theoretic Approach
  • 1.2.1 Descriptive and Interpretive Use of Language
  • 1.2.2 Interpretive Resemblance and Faithfulness
  • 1.2.3 Translation as Interlingual Interpretive Use and Faithfulness
  • 1.2.4 Direct Translation and Indirect Translation
  • 1.3 The Relevance Theory
  • 1.3.1 Code Model or Inferential Model?
  • 1.3.2 Ostensive-Inferential Communication
  • 1.3.3 Informative Intention and Communicative Intention
  • 1.3.4 Strong and Weak Communication
  • 1.3.5 Relevance
  • 1.3.6 Explicature and Implicature
  • 1.4 Some Other Relevant Literature
  • 1.4.1 Translator's Role as a Mediator
  • 1.4.2 A Cognitive Linguistic View on Translation
  • 1.5 Summary
  • Chapter Two A Theoretic Attempt on Relevance-Based Translation Approach
  • 2.1 The Theoretical Elucidation of the Present Research
  • 2.1.1 Attitude Shifts towards the First Interpretation
  • 2.1.2 Amendments to Relevance Principles--Maximal Relevance and Optimal Relevance
  • 2.2 The Relevance-Based Translation Approach
  • 2.3 Translator's Subjectivity in the Translation Process
  • 2.3.1 Translator's Role as a Reader
  • 2.3.2 Translator's Role as a Writer
  • 2.4 A Tentative Exploration for New Translation Criteria
  • 2.4.1 A Brief Review of Translation Equivalence
  • 2.4.2 The Translator's Interactive Approach of Cultural Recognition
  • 2.4.3 The Suggested Evaluation Principles
  • 2.5 Summary
  • Chapter Three Translator's Discourse Comprehending Process
  • 3.1 Translator's Inferring Attempt over the Intended Intentions
  • 3.1.1 Translator's Inference of Strong and Weak Communication
  • 3.1.2 Translator's Inference of Explicature and Implicature
  • 3.1.3 Translator's Inference of Procedural Meaning
  • 3.2 Translator's Pursuing of Maximal Relevance and Evaluation
  • 3.3 Summary
  • Chapter Four Translator's Discourse Producing Process
  • 4.1 Translator's Dynamic Manipulating Attempt
  • 4.1.1 Translator's Linguistic Manipulating Attempt Motivated by Linguistic Context
  • 4.1.2 Translator's Linguistic Manipulating Attempt Motivated by Social-Cultural Context
  • 4.1.3 Translator's Linguistic Manipulating Attempt Motivated by Stylistic Indicators
  • 4.1.4 Translator's Linguistic Manipulating Attempt Motivated by Receptor's Aesthetic Expectations and Acceptability Level
  • 4.2 Translator's Pursuing of Optimal Relevance and Reader's Cognition
  • 4.3 Summary
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Main Sources of Examples
  • Acknowledgements

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    关联与操纵：翻译过程的认知与交际研究
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