功能对等理论视角下的英语法律文本翻译

论文摘要

作为法律交流的桥梁,法律文本翻译在全球化的潮流中扮演着越来越重要的角色。英语法律文本翻译并不是英语和汉语之间的简单转换,而是一个语言转换和法律转换同时进行的过程。译者不可避免地要跨越语言和法律的双重障碍,这也是他们面临的最大挑战。因此,只有打破学科之间的壁垒,从跨学科的视角看待英语法律文本翻译,才能取得卓有成效的研究成果。首先,法律英语区别于普通英语,具有其独特的词汇和句法特征。在英汉法律翻译的过程中,了解英语法律文本的语言特征,有助于译者增强对原文的理解,进而提高法律翻译的水平。其次,法律文本的制定是为了传意,法律文本的翻译亦是如此。译本的最高境界是将源法律文本的作者(包括立法者、法官、律师等)的真实意图不折不扣地传达给译本的读者,从而使译本产生与源法律文本相同的法律效果。由于语言、文化和法律制度的差异,对等问题一直是语言学和译学研究的焦点之一。就翻译的本质而言,奈达的“功能对等理论”突出翻译的交际功能,给法律文本翻译指明了道路。第三,法律文本翻译对译者的能力提出了很高的要求,译者在熟练运用各种翻译技巧的同时,还要具备较高的双语水平、了解相应的法律知识。本文从跨学科的角度,以功能对等为理论指导,结合法律英语的语言特点,探索一些行之有效的法律翻译策略。笔者希望能够从理论和实践两方面指导英语法律文本翻译,提高法律文本翻译的质量,促进法律交流的顺利进行。

论文目录

• 摘要
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Chapter One Legal Texts and Legal English
• 1.1 Legal texts
• 1.2 Leading Features of Legal English
• 1.2.1 Lexical Features
• 1.2.1.1 Normative
• 1.2.1.2 Technical
• 1.2.1.3 Precise vs.vague
• 1.2.1.4 Conservative vs.innovative
• 1.2.2 Syntactic Features
• 1.2.2.1 Declarative sentences
• 1.2.2.2 Long and complex sentences
• 1.2.2.3 Passive sentences
• Chapter Two The Translation of English Legal Texts and Legal TranslationalEquivalence
• 2.1 Redefining the goal of translating legal texts
• 2.2 Complexities and challenges abound in the translation of English legal texts
• 2.2.1 Differences in legal systems an laws
• 2.2.2 Cultural differences
• 2.2.3 Linguistic differences
• 2.3 Legal translational Equivalence:possibility and impossibility
• Chapter Three Translation of English Legal Texts Based on Nida's FunctionalEquivalence Theory
• 3.1 Essentials of Functional Equivalence Theory
• 3.1.1 Dynamic Equivalence
• 3.1.2 Functional equivalence
• 3.1.3 Principles for producing functional equivalence
• 3.2 Applicability to translation of legal texts
• 3.3 Functional Equivalence in translation of English legal texts
• 3.3.1 Dual Equivalence and Ideal Equivalence
• 3.3.2 Principles for application
• Chapter Four Translation Competence and Strategies for Translating English legaltexts
• 4.1 Translation Competence of the legal translator
• 4.1.1 Linguistic Competence
• 4.1.2 Knowledge Structures
• 4.1.3 Strategic Competence
• 4.2 Translation strategies to achieve functional equivalence
• 4.2.1 Translation strategies on lexical level
• 4.2.1.1 Functional equivalents
• 4.2.1.2 Lexical Expansion
• 4.2.1.3 Descriptive paraphrases
• 4.2.1.4 Neutral terms
• 4.2.1.5 Borrowing or transliteration
• 4.2.2 Translation strategies on syntactical level
• 4.2.2.1 Division of long sentences
• 4.2.2.2 Adjustment of word order
• 4.2.2.3 Transformation of passive voice
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgements
• 在读期间发表的学术论文及研究成果